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Questions and Answers
What IV solution is Dextrose 5% in water crystalloid solution, is isotonic (in the bag) but is physiologically hypotonic (260 mOsm)?
What IV solution raises total fluid volume and is helpful in rehydrating and excretory purposes?
D5W
What IV solution is used in fluid loss, dehydration, and hypernatremia?
D5W
Why is D5W isotonic in the bag but hypotonic in the body?
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What IV solution should not be used for resuscitation because it can cause hyperglycemia?
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What IV solution should be used cautiously with renal or cardiac diseases because it can cause fluid overload?
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What IV solution provides 170-200 calories/1,000cc, but isn't enough daily calories for prolonged use?
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What IV solution is Dextrose 5% in 0.9% saline, and is hypertonic (560 mOsm)?
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What IV solution is used for hypotonic dehydration and replaces fluid sodium, chloride, and calories?
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What IV solution is used in temporary treatment of circulatory insufficiency and shock if plasma expanders aren't available?
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What IV solution is used in SIADH or an Addisonian crisis?
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What IV solution should not be used in patients with cardiac or renal failure because of danger of heart failure and pulmonary edema?
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What IV solution is Dextrose 5% in 0.45% saline, and is hypertonic (406 mOsm)?
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What IV solution is used in DKA after initial treatment with NS and 1/2 NS?
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What IV solution should be used in DKA but only when glucose falls below 250 mg/dl?
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What IV solution is the most common postop fluid, useful for daily maintenance of body fluids?
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What IV solution is Dextrose 5% in Lactated Ringer's, and is hypertonic (575 mOsm)?
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What IV solution is contraindicated in newborns (< 28 days of age), even if separate infusion lines are used?
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What IV solution is contraindicated in patients with a known hypersensitivity to sodium lactate?
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What IV solution is Normosol, and is isotonic (295 mOsm)?
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What IV solution replaces fluid and buffers pH, indicated for replacement of acute extracellular fluid volume losses?
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What IV solution is used as an adjunct to restore a decrease in circulatory volume in patients with moderate blood loss?
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What IV solution is not intended to supplant transfusion of whole blood or packed RBC's in the presence of uncontrolled hemorrhage?
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Study Notes
D5W (Dextrose 5% in Water)
- Isotonic in the bag but hypotonic in the body (260 mOsm) due to rapid metabolism of dextrose.
- Increases total fluid volume; used for rehydration and excretion.
- Indicated for fluid loss, dehydration, and hypernatremia.
- Should not be used for resuscitation; can lead to hyperglycemia.
- Caution advised in patients with renal or cardiac diseases due to fluid overload risk.
- Provides 170-200 calories per 1,000cc, insufficient for prolonged nutritional needs.
D5 NS (Dextrose 5% in 0.9% Saline)
- Hypertonic solution (560 mOsm).
- Used for hypotonic dehydration, replacing sodium, chloride, and calories.
- Effective in temporary treatment of circulatory insufficiency and shock when plasma expanders are unavailable.
- Indicated for conditions like SIADH and Addisonian crisis.
- Contraindicated in cardiac or renal failure due to fluid volume overload risks.
D5 1/2 NS (Dextrose 5% in 0.45% Saline)
- Hypertonic solution (406 mOsm).
- Used in the management of DKA after initial NS, preventing hypoglycemia and cerebral edema.
- Administered when glucose levels fall below 250 mg/dl.
- Most common postoperative fluid; useful for daily maintenance, nutrition, and rehydration.
D5 LR (Dextrose 5% in Lactated Ringer's)
- Hypertonic solution (575 mOsm), similar uses as LR but provides additional calories (180 calories/1,000cc).
- Contraindicated in newborns (< 28 days) and in patients with hypersensitivity to sodium lactate.
Normosol-R
- Isotonic solution (295 mOsm).
- Replaces fluid and buffers pH; indicated for acute extracellular fluid volume losses in surgery, trauma, burns, or shock.
- Acts as an adjunct for restoring circulatory volume in moderate blood loss.
- Not intended to replace transfusion of whole blood or packed RBCs during uncontrolled hemorrhage or severe anemia.
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Description
Test your knowledge on IV solutions, specifically Dextrose 5% in water (D5W) and its uses, benefits, and characteristics. This quiz covers essential definitions and clinical applications related to various IV solutions in medical practice.
