IV Fluids Overview
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Questions and Answers

Which type of IV fluid is primarily used to rehydrate patients?

  • Hypertonic fluids
  • Isotonic fluids
  • Colloids
  • Hypotonic fluids (correct)

    • What is a primary characteristic of colloid solutions?

  • Are isotonic by nature
  • Have a low osmotic pressure
  • Contain large molecules (correct)
  • Contain small molecules

    • Which IV fluid would be most appropriate for a patient needing sodium chloride replacement?

  • 0.45% Sodium Chloride
  • 5% Dextrose in Water
  • Dextrose 5% in 0.45% saline
  • 0.9% Sodium Chloride (correct)

    • Lactated Ringer's solution is primarily used for which purpose?

    <p>Replaces fluid and buffers pH (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What effect does hypertonic saline have on cells?

    <p>Cells become dehydrated (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which crystalloid fluid is used primarily for maintenance fluids and fluid replacement without sodium?

    <p>5% Dextrose in Water (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a primary concern when administering colloid solutions such as albumin?

    <p>Circulatory overload (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of intravenous fluid solution remains in the bloodstream and is primarily used for low sodium replacement?

    <p>0.9% Sodium Chloride (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What effect does hypotonic saline (0.45% NaCl) have on cells?

    <p>Cells will swell (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which IV fluid combination replaces fluids and provides sodium, chloride, and calories effectively?

    <p>D5 1/2NS (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of IV fluid can lead to circulatory overload if not monitored carefully?

    <p>Colloids (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of using Lactated Ringer's solution in surgical patients?

    <p>To replace fluids and buffer pH (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which IV fluid is considered isotonic and increases circulating volume without leaving the bloodstream?

    <p>0.9% Sodium Chloride (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of IV fluid is primarily used for fluid replacement for individuals who do not require sodium?

    <p>5% Dextrose in Water (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which IV fluid would cause water to move from cells into the bag, thereby dehydrating the cells?

    <p>3% Sodium Chloride (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main benefit of using isotonic IV fluids such as 0.9% Sodium Chloride?

    <p>They increase circulating volume while remaining in the bloodstream. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which IV fluid can be classified as hypotonic and is commonly used for rehydration?

    <p>0.45% Sodium Chloride (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential risk when administering colloid solutions like albumin?

    <p>Circulatory overload if not monitored carefully. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Dextrose 5% in 0.45% saline serves what primary purpose?

    <p>Balance electrolytes while providing carbohydrates. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following IV fluids is primarily indicated for patients who need fluid replacement and buffering of pH?

    <p>Lactated Ringer's solution (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main characteristic of hypotonic IV fluids?

    <p>They cause water to move from the bag into the cells. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which IV fluid is considered hypertonic and primarily draws water out of the cells?

    <p>3% Sodium Chloride (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which crystalloid fluid can provide volume while remaining effectively isotonic?

    <p>0.9% Sodium Chloride (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary use of Dextrose 5% in 0.9% saline solution?

    <p>To replace fluid along with sodium, chloride, and calories. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following fluids is known to potentially lead to circulatory overload if not monitored appropriately?

    <p>Albumin (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of tonic crystalloid solution is used to increase total fluid volume?

    <p>5% Dextrose in Water (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following IV fluids would cause water to move from the bloodstream into the cells?

    <p>0.45% Sodium Chloride in Water (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which IV fluid is commonly used for fluid replacement and contains electrolytes as well as a buffering agent?

    <p>Lactated Ringers (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which IV fluid would be most appropriate for a patient needing to draw fluid from cells into the bloodstream?

    <p>3% Sodium Chloride (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a primary effect of administering a hypotonic solution like 0.45% Sodium Chloride in Water?

    <p>Rehydrates cells (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Flashcards

    IV Crystalloids

    IV fluids made of small molecules that are tonic solutions

    IV Colloids

    IV fluids with large molecules, like blood products and albumin

    Hypotonic IV

    IV fluids that cause water to move into cells, good for rehydration

    Isotonic IV

    IV fluids that stay in blood vessels, good for increasing fluid volume

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    Hypertonic IV

    IV fluids that cause water to move out of cells, good for dehydration, but watch sodium levels

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    What are crystalloids?

    IV fluids made of small molecules that pass easily through cell membranes. They can be hypotonic, isotonic, or hypertonic, depending on how they affect fluid movement.

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    What are colloids?

    IV fluids containing large molecules, such as proteins, that stay in the bloodstream and help maintain blood volume. Examples include blood products and albumin.

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    What does a hypotonic IV solution do?

    A hypotonic IV solution draws water from the blood vessels into the cells, helping to rehydrate the body.

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    What does an isotonic IV solution do?

    An isotonic IV solution has the same salt concentration as the body's fluids, so it stays in the bloodstream and increases blood volume.

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    What does a hypertonic IV solution do?

    A hypertonic IV solution draws water from the cells into the blood vessels, which can be helpful in dehydration but can also cause fluid overload in the lungs.

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    Crystalloids: Small Molecules

    IV fluids made of small molecules that easily pass through cell membranes. They can be hypotonic, isotonic, or hypertonic, depending on how they affect fluid movement.

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    Colloids: Big Molecules

    IV fluids containing large molecules, like proteins, that stay in the bloodstream to maintain blood volume. Examples include blood products and albumin.

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    Hypotonic Solutions: Rehydration

    Solutions that pull water from the bloodstream into cells, used to rehydrate the body. 0.45% NaCl (half normal saline) and 5% Dextrose in Water are examples.

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    Hypertonic Solutions: Dehydration

    Solutions that pull water from cells into the bloodstream, used to treat dehydration. 3% NaCl, D5NS, and D5 1/2NS are examples.

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    Isotonic Solutions: Neutral

    Solutions with the same salt concentration as the body's fluids, so they stay in the bloodstream to increase blood volume. Examples include 0.9% NaCl (normal saline) and Lactated Ringers.

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    Hypotonic Solutions

    These IV fluids pull water from the bloodstream into cells, used to rehydrate the body. Examples include 0.45% NaCl (half normal saline) and 5% Dextrose in Water.

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    Hypertonic Solutions

    These IV fluids pull water from the cells into the bloodstream, used to treat dehydration. Examples include 3% NaCl, D5NS, and D5 1/2NS.

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    Isotonic Solutions

    These IV fluids have the same salt concentration as the body's fluids, so they stay in the bloodstream to increase blood volume. Examples include 0.9% NaCl (normal saline) and Lactated Ringers.

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    IV Fluids: Crystalloids

    Crystalloids are IV fluids containing small molecules that easily move through cell membranes. They help with fluid replacement and electrolyte balance.

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    IV Fluids: Colloids

    Colloids are IV fluids with large molecules like proteins. They stay in the bloodstream to increase blood volume and maintain pressure.

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    Hypotonic IV Solution

    Hypotonic solutions draw water from the bloodstream into cells, helping to rehydrate the body.

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    Hypertonic IV Solution

    Hypertonic solutions pull water from cells into the bloodstream, helping to treat dehydration.

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    Isotonic IV Solution

    Isotonic solutions have the same salt concentration as the body's fluids, so they stay in the bloodstream and increase blood volume.

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    Study Notes

    IV Fluids

    • Crystalloids: small molecules, tonic solutions

      • Examples: blood products, albumin
      • Monitoring: for circulatory overload (fresh frozen plasma (FFP))

    • Colloids: large molecules

      • Examples: blood products, albumin

    Tonic Crystalloids

    • Hypotonic:

      • 0.45% Sodium Chloride in Water (0.45% NaCl): half normal saline
      • Water movement: from bag into cells
      • Use: maintenance fluids, fluid replacement for those without needing sodium replacement.

    • Hypertonic:

      • 3% Sodium Chloride: water moves from cells into the bag
      • Dextrose 5% in 0.9% saline (D5NS): replaces sodium, chloride, & calories
      • Dextrose 5% in 0.45% saline (D5 1/2NS): replaces fluid

    • Isotonic:

      • 0.9% Sodium Chloride in Water (0.9% NaCl): normal saline
      • Effect: increases circulating volume, but stays in blood vessels.

    Lactated Ringers

    • Use: low sodium replacement
    • Composition: normal saline with electrolytes and lactate
    • Use in surgery: replaces fluid and buffers pH

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    Description

    Explore the fundamentals of IV fluids including crystalloids and colloids. This quiz covers various types of tonic crystalloids such as hypotonic, hypertonic, and isotonic solutions along with their uses and monitoring requirements. Test your understanding of fluid replacement and the role of Lactated Ringers.

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