Questions and Answers
What happens to fluid in hypotonic solutions?
When the cell presents with the same concentration on the inside and outside with no shifting of fluids, this is called?
Which of the following is not a hypertonic fluid?
What type of fluid would a patient with severe hyponatremia most likely be started on?
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When administering a hypertonic solution, the nurse should closely watch for?
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A patient with cerebral edema would most likely be ordered what type of solution?
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_______ solutions cause cell dehydration and help increase fluid in the extracellular space.
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D5W solutions are sometimes considered a hypotonic solution as well as an isotonic solution because after the body metabolizes the dextrose, the solution acts as a hypotonic solution.
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Which solution below is NOT a hypertonic solution?
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Which patient below would NOT be a candidate for a hypotonic solution?
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Which condition below could lead to cell lysis, if not properly monitored?
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________ fluids remove water from the extracellular space into the intracellular space.
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Isotonic fluids cause shifting of water from the extracellular space to the intracellular space.
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A patient is being admitted with dehydration due to nausea and vomiting. Which fluid would you expect the patient to be started on?
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The doctor orders an isotonic fluid for a patient. Which of the following is not an isotonic fluid?
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Study Notes
IV Fluid Definitions and Types
- Hypotonic Solutions: Fluid moves out of cells, examples include 3% & 5% Normal Saline, D5 1/2 NS, D5 NS. Monitor for signs of hypervolemia; not suitable for cardiac patients.
- Isotonic Solutions: Concentration inside and outside the cell is the same, preventing fluid shifts.
- Hypertonic Solutions: Cause cell dehydration and increase fluid in the extracellular space. Commonly used to treat severe hyponatremia and cerebral edema.
Key Fluid Classifications
- Not Hypertonic: D5W is classified as isotonic initially but acts hypotonic after dextrose metabolism.
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Examples of Hypertonic Solutions:
- 3% Saline
- 10% Dextrose in Water (D10W)
- 5% Dextrose in Lactated Ringer's is hypertonic.
Patient Considerations
- Hypotonic Solution Candidates: Patients with increased intracranial pressure should not receive hypotonic solutions due to risk of cell lysis.
- Common Conditions for Hypertonic Fluids: Severe hyponatremia; closely monitor for pulmonary edema when administering.
Administration Guidance
- Fluid Shifts: Hypotonic fluids shift water into cells; isotonic solutions do not significantly shift fluid volumes.
- Administration in Dehydration Cases: Normal saline (0.9%) is the typical choice for patients with dehydration from nausea and vomiting.
True/False and Quiz Questions
- D5W is considered isotonic until metabolization, after which it acts as hypotonic.
- False statement: Isotonic fluids do not cause shifting of water into cells; that is a characteristic of hypotonic fluids.
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Description
Test your knowledge on IV fluids with these flashcards. This quiz covers key concepts of solutions such as hypotonic, hypertonic, and isotonic. Perfect for nursing or medical students aiming to master fluid dynamics.
