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Questions and Answers
Match the following IV catheterization steps with their corresponding rationales:
Match the following IV catheterization steps with their corresponding rationales:
Advance the catheter and secure it = Ensures proper placement and prevents dislodgement Flush the IV line with saline = Removes air from the line and ensures patency Prepare the equipment = Ensures all necessary items are ready for a safe and efficient procedure Dispose of used equipment and document = Protects against contamination and maintains accurate medical records
Match the IV cannulation equipment with its primary purpose:
Match the IV cannulation equipment with its primary purpose:
IV Catheter = Delivers fluids and medications directly into the bloodstream Tourniquet = Engorges veins to increase visibility and palpability Antiseptic Swabs = Disinfects the insertion site to minimize infection risk Gauze = Used to clean the skin or absorb blood after insertion
Match the IV cannulation step with its rationale:
Match the IV cannulation step with its rationale:
Prepare the equipment = To ensure all necessary supplies are readily available Explain the procedure to the patient = To inform the patient and decrease anxiety Select a suitable vein = To locate a vein that is straight, accessible, and appropriate for the catheter size Apply tourniquet = To engorge the veins, making them easier to see and palpate for insertion
Match the size/type of IV catheter with its corresponding description:
Match the size/type of IV catheter with its corresponding description:
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Flashcards
Secure IV Catheter
Secure IV Catheter
Securing the catheter prevents dislodgement and ensures proper placement.
Flush IV line with saline
Flush IV line with saline
Flushing ensures the IV line is clear and removes air bubbles.
Dispose of used equipment
Dispose of used equipment
Proper disposal prevents contamination and maintains medical records.
Wound dressing types
Wound dressing types
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Hand hygiene importance
Hand hygiene importance
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IV Catheter Sizes
IV Catheter Sizes
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Tourniquet Purpose
Tourniquet Purpose
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Antiseptic Swabs
Antiseptic Swabs
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Checking Catheter Patency
Checking Catheter Patency
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Proper Insertion Technique
Proper Insertion Technique
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Study Notes
IV Cannulation
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Equipment Needed:
- IV Catheter (various gauges/sizes: 14G, 16G, 18G, 20G, 22G, 24G, color-coded)
- Tourniquet (elastic, adjustable)
- Antiseptic Swabs (alcohol swabs or chlorhexidine wipes)
- Gauze (2x2 or 4x4 gauze pads)
- Saline Flush (10mL or 20mL syringe, saline solution)
- IV Line/Set (primary IV line with drip chamber)
- Dressing (transparent dressing or gauze with tape)
- Gloves (non-sterile, unless opening a sterile pack)
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Purpose of Items:
- Different catheter sizes for varying patient needs (larger for trauma, smaller for children or elderly).
- Tourniquet engorges veins for easier visibility/palpability.
- Antiseptic swabs disinfect the insertion site to prevent infection.
- Gauze cleans the skin and/or absorbs blood post-cannulation.
- Saline flush checks catheter patency and maintains the catheter lumen.
- IV line/set for administering fluids/medications.
- Dressing secures the IV catheter.
- Gloves protect from contamination and maintain aseptic technique.
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Procedure & Rationale:
- Step 1: Prepare the Equipment: Ensures all necessary items in place to ensure a smoother procedure.
- Step 2: Explain procedure to the patient: Educates the patient on the procedure, alleviates anxiety.
- Step 3: Select a Suitable Vein: Choose a straight, accessible, and large enough vein for catheter insertion.
- Step 4: Apply tourniquet: Engorges the veins for easier visibility and insertion.
- Step 5: Clean Insertion Site with Antiseptic: Reduces the risk of infection with site sterilization.
- Step 6: Insert IV Catheter: Proper insertion technique is crucial to avoid complications.
- Step 7: Check for Blood Return: Confirms catheter placement by checking for blood flow back into the vein.
- Step 8: Advance and Secure the Line: Secure the catheter in order to prevent dislodgment and ensures proper placement into the vein.
- Step 9: Flush the IV Line with Saline: Ensures patency of the catheter and removes air from the line.
- Step 10: Dispose of used equipment and document: Proper disposal of used equipment, ensures contamination prevention, and detailed documentation.
Wound Dressing
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Equipment Needed:
- Sterile Gloves
- Sterile Dressings (2x2 or 4x4 gauze pads, non-stick, hydrocolloid)
- Antiseptic solution (saline, chlorhexidine, or iodine)
- Adhesive tape or rolled bandages
- Medical scissors
- Gauze or cotton balls
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Purpose of items:
- Sterile gloves protect from contamination.
- Dressings protect the wound and absorb exudate.
- Antiseptic solutions reduce bacterial load.
- Adhesive tape and bandages secure the dressing and bandage.
- Scissors cut dressings to accurate size.
- Gauze and cotton balls clean and dry wound area.
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Procedure & Rationale:
- Step 1: Prepare Equipment: Ensure items are readily available and prepared for use.
- Step 2: Wash Hands and Wear Sterile Gloves: Prevent contamination and infection.
- Step 3: Remove Old Dressing: Remove it without damaging the wound.
- Step 4: Assess the Wound: Evaluate wound condition, including complications and infection.
- Step 5: Clean the Wound with Antiseptic: Removes bacteria and prepares the wound.
- Step 6: Apply New Dressing: Ensures wound protection and optimum environment for healing.
- Step 7: Secure the Dressing: Prevents movement, reduces exposure, and secures dressing in place.
Wound Cleaning Solutions
- Normal Saline: Isotonic solution used to irrigate and clean wounds, does not disrupt the natural cell balance. Useful for cleaning, hydration and is non-irritating, suitable for most wounds and skin types.
- Chlorhexidine: Broad-spectrum antiseptic suitable for cleaning skin and wounds, especially contaminated wounds, to reduce bacterial growth and prevent infections.
- Povidone-Iodine (Betadine): Antiseptic used to clean wounds, reducing infection risk, often used on dirty or infected wounds.
- Hydrogen Peroxide: An oxidizing agent, used to clean and disinfect wounds, however it should be used sparingly as it can damage healthy tissue and delay healing.
- Ringer’s Lactate Solution: Similar to normal saline but includes electrolytes helpful for more complex/fluid-depleted wounds.
- Acetic Acid: Useful for infected wounds caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa (e.g., diabetic foot ulcers). Diluted forms are used.
- Silver-Based Solutions: Antimicrobial solutions offering protection and aiding infection prevention in chronic wounds or wounds with infection.
Blood Transfusion
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Equipment Needed:
- Blood products (Packed RBCs, platelets, or plasma, per patient needs)
- IV Set with 20-22G for blood transfusions
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Purpose: Provides essential blood components to a patient.
- Prevents blood clots.
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Procedure & Rationale:
- Step 1: Prepare Equipment: Ensure all needed items are ready and prevents delays.
- Step 2: Verify Patient Identity and Blood Type: Prevents errors and ensures compatibility.
- Step 3: Establish IV Access: Ensures a large-bore catheter for safe blood administration.
- Step 4: Prime the IV Line with Saline: Prevents air from entering the line.
- Step 5: Connect Blood Bag to IV Line: Ensures effective delivery of blood product into bloodstream.
- Step 6: Start Transfusion Slowly: Delivers blood into the bloodstream at a controlled rate.
- Step 7: Monitor for Reactions: Tracks for reactions such as fever, rash or anaphylaxis.
- Step 8: Post-transfusion care: Documentation ensures successful transfusion and recording patient reaction details.
IV Fluid Administration
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Equipment Needed:
- IV Fluid Bag (0.9% saline, Ringer's Lactate, or D5W)
- IV Set (Standard tubing with drip chamber & roller clamp)
- IV Catheter (18G, 20G, 22G, based on patient condition & fluid rate)
- Normal Saline
- Gloves (non-sterile)
- IV Pole
- Flow Rate Control (drip rate controller/infusion pump)
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Purpose: Provides fluids or electrolytes to maintain balance.
- Used to administer fluids from the IV bag to the patient.
- Establishes venous access.
- Used to prime the IV line.
- IV maintenance and set up aseptic technique.
- Used to regulate fluid rate.
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Procedure & Rationale:
- Step 1: Prepare Equipment: Collect and prepare the necessary equipment.
- Step 2: Verify Doctor's Order: Confirm the correct type and volume of fluid needed.
- Step 3: Establish IV Access: Secure an IV line per protocol.
- Step 4: Prime the IV Line: Prevents air from entering the line and ensure it's ready for fluid administration.
- Step 5: Connect IV Bag to Catheter: Ensure appropriate delivery of fluids.
- Step 6: Regulate Flow Rate: Controls fluid infusion rate consistently.
- Step 7: Monitor Patient: Watch for adverse signs or reactions.
- Step 8: Document Procedure: Records details of the fluid administration and patient reaction monitoring.
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Description
Test your knowledge on the steps of IV catheterization and their corresponding rationales. Match the equipment, steps, and types of IV catheters with their primary purposes and descriptions. This quiz is essential for healthcare professionals to ensure proper technique and understanding.