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Questions and Answers
What is the suffix used to name alkanes according to IUPAC nomenclature?
What is the suffix used to name alkanes according to IUPAC nomenclature?
In the process of naming an alkane, which step is the first to take place?
In the process of naming an alkane, which step is the first to take place?
How are substituents in alkane nomenclature named?
How are substituents in alkane nomenclature named?
What is the general term for substituent groups in alkane nomenclature?
What is the general term for substituent groups in alkane nomenclature?
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Which reaction is specifically used for the synthesis of alkanes by heating an alkyl halide with sodium metal?
Which reaction is specifically used for the synthesis of alkanes by heating an alkyl halide with sodium metal?
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What describes the general reactivity of alkanes towards chemical reagents?
What describes the general reactivity of alkanes towards chemical reagents?
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In the presence of heat or light, what type of reaction do alkanes undergo with halogens?
In the presence of heat or light, what type of reaction do alkanes undergo with halogens?
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How are alkyl halides classified based on the number of halogen atoms attached to the carbon?
How are alkyl halides classified based on the number of halogen atoms attached to the carbon?
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Which method is used to synthesize alkyl halides from alkanes?
Which method is used to synthesize alkyl halides from alkanes?
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In nucleophilic substitution reactions, what occurs to the leaving group?
In nucleophilic substitution reactions, what occurs to the leaving group?
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Study Notes
IUPAC Nomenclature of Alkanes
- Suffix for alkanes: -ane
- First step in naming an alkane: Identifying the longest continuous carbon chain
- Naming substituents: Using the suffix -yl
- General term for substituent groups: Alkyl groups
Alkane Nomenclature - Substituent Naming
- Substituent naming method: Using numbers to indicate the position
Alkane Reactivity
- Reactivity of alkanes: Inert (not very reactive)
- Reaction with halogens: Halogenation (in presence of heat/light)
- Synthesis of alkanes: Wurtz reaction
Alkyl Halides
- Classification of alkyl halides: Based on the number of halogen atoms attached to the carbon (primary, secondary, tertiary)
Synthesis of Alkyl Halides
- Method to synthesize alkyl halides from alkanes: Free radical halogenation
Nucleophilic Substitution Reactions
- What happens to the leaving group: It comes away with an electron pair
- Stereochemistry of nucleophilic substitution S1 reactions: Retention and racemization
- Preferred solvent for nucleophilic substitution reactions: Polar protic solvent
Alkene Nomenclature
- Suffix for alkenes: -ene
- π bond numbering in alkenes: Lowest possible number, despite the presence of alkyl substituents
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Description
Test your knowledge on IUPAC nomenclature of alkanes, including the naming of alkanes and their substituents. Explore concepts like alkyl halides and reactions such as halogenation and nucleophilic substitutions. This quiz covers essential principles in organic chemistry related to alkane reactivity and synthesis.
