IUPAC naming, Isomers, and Molecular Formulas Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following best describes a structural isomer?

  • Same molecular formula, different connectivity (correct)
  • Different molecular formula, different connectivity
  • Same molecular formula, same connectivity
  • Different molecular formula, same connectivity

    • Which type of isomerism is exhibited by the E isomer of compound J, leaf alcohol?

  • Functional group isomerism
  • Chain isomerism
  • Positional isomerism
  • Geometric isomerism (correct)

    • If compound J has the molecular formula C6H14O, how many possible structural isomers could exist?

  • 8
  • 7 (correct)
  • 6
  • 5

    • What structural feature distinguishes the secondary amine among the isomers with the molecular formula C4H11N?

    <p>Has a nitrogen atom bonded to two carbon atoms and one hydrogen atom</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What mass of maleic acid should have been obtained if 6.53 g of organic product were formed?

    <p>16.53 g</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many different structural isomers are possible for the molecular formula C₅H₁₂?

    <p>4</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe molecules with the same molecular formula but different structural formulae?

    <p>Constitutional isomers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism involved when 2-bromo-2-methylpentane forms two structural isomers upon heating with potassium hydroxide in ethanol?

    <p>Elimination</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following accurately describes structural isomers?

    <p>They have different connectivity between atoms.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of isomerism occurs in molecules that have the same molecular formula but different arrangements of atoms in space?

    <p>Geometric isomerism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the IUPAC name for isooctane?

    <p>2,2,4-Trimethylpentane</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many peaks would be observed in the 13C NMR spectrum of isooctane?

    <p>10 peaks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the thermal cracking reaction given, why do the products indicate thermal cracking?

    <p>Presence of unsaturated hydrocarbons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many monochloro isomers are formed by isooctane?

    <p>5 isomers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which skeletal formula represents the monochloro compound formed when an isomer of isooctane reacts with chlorine?

    <p><code>CH3CH2CH(CH3)CH(CH3)CH2CH(CH3)Cl</code></p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the reaction where isooctane, propene, and ethene are formed, what type of isomerism are the resulting monochloro isomers classified as?

    <p>Structural isomers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Haloalkanes

    • A haloalkane is an organic compound containing a halogen atom bonded to an alkyl group
    • Examples of haloalkanes include chloroalkanes, bromoalkanes, iodoalkanes, and fluoroalkanes

    Structural Isomers

    • Structural isomers are molecules with the same molecular formula but different arrangements of atoms
    • The molecular formula C4H9Br has 4 structural isomers
    • The molecular formula C5H12 has 3 structural isomers

    Leaf Alcohol (Compound J)

    • Compound J is also known as leaf alcohol, with the structural formula CH3CH2CH=CHCH2CH2OH
    • The E isomer of J is responsible for the smell of freshly cut grass
    • Dehydration of J using concentrated sulfuric acid forms a product with a specific skeletal formula

    Isooctane (C8H18)

    • Isooctane is a branched-chain hydrocarbon that burns smoothly in car engines
    • The IUPAC name for isooctane can be determined from its skeletal formula
    • Isooctane has a specific 13C NMR spectrum with a certain number of peaks
    • Isooctane can be formed through the thermal cracking of an alkane with 20 carbon atoms, accompanied by propene and ethene

    Thermal Cracking

    • Thermal cracking is a reaction where a large molecule breaks down into smaller molecules, often with the application of heat
    • The products of thermal cracking, such as isooctane, propene, and ethene, demonstrate the characteristics of thermal cracking

    Monochloro Isomers of Isooctane

    • Isooctane can form several monochloro isomers, with one of them existing as a pair of optical isomers
    • The number of monochloro isomers formed by isooctane can be determined

    Reaction Mechanisms

    • 2-bromo-2-methylpentane reacts with potassium hydroxide in ethanol to form two structural isomers
    • The mechanism for the formation of one of the isomers involves a specific reaction pathway

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    Description

    Test your knowledge on IUPAC naming of haloalkanes, finding structural isomers, and determining the number of secondary amines with specific molecular formulas. This quiz also involves identifying compounds by their structural formulas.

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