Hydrocarbons Unit 13: IUPAC Naming and Structure
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Questions and Answers

What does the term 'hydrocarbon' mean?

  • Compounds of hydrogen and oxygen only
  • Compounds of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen
  • Compounds of carbon and hydrogen only (correct)
  • Compounds of carbon, oxygen, and nitrogen

    • What is the abbreviated form of liquified petroleum gas?

  • LNG
  • PNG
  • LPN
  • LPG (correct)

    • What does CNG stand for?

  • Compressed Nitrogen Gas
  • Compressed Natural Gas (correct)
  • Condensed Natural Gas
  • Condensed Nitrogen Gas

    • Which compound plays a key role in our daily life as a fuel?

    <p>Hydrocarbon</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can you predict about the formation of addition products of unsymmetrical alkenes and alkynes?

    <p>Formation based on electronic mechanism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the IUPAC system used to name in relation to hydrocarbons?

    <p>Alkanes, alkenes, alkynes, and aromatic hydrocarbons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary source of natural gas?

    <p>Drilling of oil wells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of hydrocarbons contain carbon-carbon and carbon-hydrogen single bonds?

    <p>Alkanes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the first member of the alkane family?

    <p>Methane</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the primary components of LPG (liquefied petroleum gas)?

    <p>Hydrocarbons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of hydrocarbons contain carbon-carbon multiple bonds?

    <p>Unsaturated hydrocarbons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which gas is found in coal mines and marshy places?

    <p>Methane</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the sources of energy present in fuels like petrol, diesel, and kerosene oil?

    <p>Mixture of hydrocarbons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hydrocarbon type forms a closed chain or a ring?

    <p>Aromatic hydrocarbons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for compressed natural gas obtained after gas compression?

    <p>Compressed natural gas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the primary components obtained by fractional distillation of petroleum?

    <p>Mixture of hydrocarbons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of hydrocarbons are recognized and written as isomers of alkanes, alkenes, alkynes, and aromatic hydrocarbons?

    <p>Unsaturated hydrocarbons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the electronic mechanism used to predict the formation of addition products of unsymmetrical alkenes and alkynes?

    <p>Markovnikov's rule</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the IUPAC system of nomenclature, what are hydrocarbons named according to?

    <p>The longest continuous carbon chain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the structure that illustrates the concept of aromaticity and undergoes electrophilic substitution reactions?

    <p>Benzene</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hydrocarbon type forms a closed chain or a ring?

    <p>Aromatic hydrocarbons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the abbreviated form for liquified petroleum gas (LPG)?

    <p>Liquid Petroleum Gas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used for liquified natural gas?

    <p>LPG</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of hydrocarbons contain carbon-carbon multiple bonds?

    <p>Unsaturated hydrocarbons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary source of natural gas?

    <p>Upper strata during oil well drilling</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the first member of the alkane family?

    <p>Methane (CH4)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the abbreviated form of liquified petroleum gas?

    <p>LPG</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of hydrocarbons contain carbon-carbon and carbon-hydrogen single bonds?

    <p>Alkanes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the primary components obtained by fractional distillation of petroleum?

    <p>Petrol, diesel, and kerosene oil</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does CNG stand for?

    <p>Compressed Natural Gas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hydrocarbon type forms a closed chain or a ring?

    <p>Aromatic hydrocarbons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can you predict about the formation of addition products of unsymmetrical alkenes and alkynes?

    <p>Their addition products will have different structures compared to symmetrical alkenes and alkynes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Hydrocarbons

    • Hydrocarbon refers to a compound containing only hydrogen and carbon atoms.

    Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG)

    • LPG is abbreviated as LPG.
    • Primary components of LPG are propane and butane.

    Compressed Natural Gas (CNG)

    • CNG stands for Compressed Natural Gas.

    Natural Gas

    • Primary source of natural gas is fossil fuel deposits.

    Alkanes

    • First member of the alkane family is methane (CH₄).
    • Alkanes contain carbon-carbon and carbon-hydrogen single bonds.

    Alkenes and Alkynes

    • Alkenes and alkynes contain carbon-carbon multiple bonds.
    • Formation of addition products of unsymmetrical alkenes and alkynes can be predicted using Markovnikov's rule.

    Aromatic Hydrocarbons

    • Aromatic hydrocarbons have a planar ring structure, illustrating the concept of aromaticity, and undergo electrophilic substitution reactions.

    IUPAC Nomenclature

    • Hydrocarbons are named according to their parent chain and suffix in the IUPAC system of nomenclature.

    Fuels

    • Petrol, diesel, and kerosene oil obtain their energy from the combustion of hydrocarbons.

    Cycloalkanes

    • Cycloalkanes are a type of hydrocarbon that forms a closed chain or a ring.

    Coal Mines and Marshy Places

    • Methane gas is found in coal mines and marshy places.

    Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG)

    • LNG is an abbreviated term for Liquefied Natural Gas.
    • LNG is obtained through the liquefaction of natural gas.

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    Description

    Test your knowledge of hydrocarbons with a focus on naming according to IUPAC system, recognizing isomers, methods of preparation, and distinguishing between alkanes, alkenes, alkynes, and aromatic hydrocarbons based on properties. This unit covers important sources of energy and their chemical properties.

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