ITCT101 Module 2: Understanding AI & ML
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Questions and Answers

Which of these options best describes the definition of Artificial Intelligence (AI) as presented in the content?

  • Machines that can perform specific tasks intelligently.
  • Machines that can learn and adapt to new situations.
  • Machines that carry out tasks in an intelligent manner. (correct)
  • Machines that can think and act like humans.
  • What is the difference between Artificial Narrow Intelligence (ANI) and Artificial General Intelligence (AGI)?

  • ANI is limited by data, while AGI can learn from any source.
  • ANI focuses on learning, while AGI focuses on reasoning.
  • ANI is for specific tasks, while AGI can perform any task. (correct)
  • ANI is developed by machines, while AGI is developed by humans.
  • According to the chart titled 'AI Adoption Rate', what percentage of companies have adopted AI in their operations?

  • Between 75% and 100%
  • Between 25% and 50% (correct)
  • Less than 25%
  • 50% or more
  • Which of the following is NOT presented as an example of AI used by the experts?

    <p>Self-driving vehicles for transportation. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a common type of machine learning?

    <p>Reinforcement Learning (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Based on the provided information, what is the primary goal of AI?

    <p>To automate tasks and improve efficiency. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the difference between supervised and unsupervised learning?

    <p>Supervised learning uses labeled data, while unsupervised learning uses unlabeled data. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who coined the term 'Artificial Intelligence' and in what year?

    <p>John McCarthy and researchers, 1956 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of AlphaGo's victory over a Go grandmaster in 2016?

    <p>It's a major milestone in AI's ability to defeat humans in complex games. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of unsupervised learning?

    <p>Grouping customers into different segments based on their purchasing behavior. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of the 'AI for general public' category in the charts?

    <p>To understand how AI is impacting everyday life. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of dimensionality reduction in unsupervised learning?

    <p>To reduce the number of features in the data. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a characteristic of Artificial Narrow Intelligence (ANI)?

    <p>Expertise in a specific task or domain. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a component of the machine learning process?

    <p>Data cleaning (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Based on the provided information, what is NOT a key feature of Artificial Intelligence?

    <p>Emotional intelligence. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of a training dataset in machine learning?

    <p>To provide examples for the model to learn from. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of a performance measure in machine learning?

    <p>To evaluate the accuracy of the model. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the meaning of "learning" in machine learning as defined by Tom Mitchell?

    <p>A computer program that can learn from experience and improve its performance. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the key difference between Machine Learning and Deep Learning?

    <p>Deep Learning focuses on using Artificial Neural Networks, while Machine Learning is a broader concept. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A model captures the relationship between what two elements?

    <p>Input and label (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the key difference between training and inferencing?

    <p>Training uses labeled data to create a model, while inferencing uses the model to make predictions on new data. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term "backpropagation algorithm" refer to?

    <p>A method for adjusting the weights of Artificial Neural Networks during training (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a benefit of Deep Learning?

    <p>Increased transparency in model decision-making (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main reason that deep learning models scale well with data?

    <p>The specific architecture of Artificial Neural Networks, particularly the many layers (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Based on the content, what is the main purpose of Machine Learning?

    <p>To enable machines to learn from data and perform tasks without explicit programming. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When did the field of Machine Learning emerge?

    <p>1990s (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of a model in Machine Learning?

    <p>To represent the learned relationship between input and label. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the key difference between Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML)?

    <p>AI is a broader concept, while ML is a subset of AI focusing on learning from data. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The statement "Machines that carry out tasks in an intelligent manner" defines which concept?

    <p>Artificial Intelligence (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of Artificial Narrow Intelligence?

    <p>A computer program that can play chess at a grandmaster level. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements is TRUE about Artificial General Intelligence (AGI)?

    <p>AGI is a theoretical concept that is not yet achieved. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of "training" in Machine Learning?

    <p>To enable the machine to learn patterns and make predictions based on data. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a key technology that contributed to the rise of Machine Learning in the 1990s?

    <p>Risk minimization: Support vector machines (1995) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of Machine Learning?

    <p>Machine learning systems can easily understand and respond to human emotions. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following examples best represents a machine learning application?

    <p>A self-driving car that uses sensors and data to navigate. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning?

    <p>Machine Learning is a subset of Artificial Intelligence. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Flashcards

    Artificial Narrow Intelligence (Weak AI)

    AI that performs well on specific tasks, not general intelligence.

    Artificial General Intelligence (Strong AI)

    AI that can perform any intellectual task a human can do.

    Artificial Intelligence (AI)

    Machines designed to perform tasks intelligently since 1956.

    Machine Learning

    Subset of AI where machines learn from data to improve performance.

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    Linear Regression

    A statistical method for modeling relationships, established in 1801.

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    Linear Classifier

    Classification method introduced in 1936 for sorting data.

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    Bayesian Networks

    A model for reasoning under uncertainty, developed in 1985.

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    Support Vector Machines

    Risk minimization method for classification, introduced in 1995.

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    AI applications

    Programs or systems that utilize AI to accomplish specific tasks.

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    Spam Mail Detection

    AI used to identify and filter promotional or unwanted emails.

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    Artificial Intelligence

    Machines capable of performing tasks intelligently, dating back to 1956.

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    Training Dataset

    A dataset used to train a model, usually containing input-output pairs.

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    Model

    A representation that captures the relationship between input and label in machine learning.

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    Prediction

    The process where a model uses input data to forecast an output for new cases.

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    Deep Learning

    A subset of machine learning based on artificial neural networks, popularized in the 2010s.

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    Backpropagation

    An algorithm used in training deep learning models for optimizing performance, introduced in 1986.

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    Artificial Neural Networks

    Computational models inspired by the human brain, used in deep learning.

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    Large Models

    Deep learning models that perform better with increasing data scales.

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    Supervised Learning

    A learning process where models are trained using labeled data to predict outcomes.

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    Definition of Learning

    A computer program learns from experience E regarding tasks T and performance measure P if its performance improves with experience.

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    Performance Measure

    A metric used to evaluate how well a machine learning model performs a task, such as accuracy or percentage of correct predictions.

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    Reinforcement Learning

    A type of machine learning where an agent learns by interacting with an environment, receiving rewards or penalties based on actions taken.

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    Testing Dataset

    A separate subset of data used to evaluate the performance of a trained machine learning model.

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    Algorithm in ML

    A defined set of rules or instructions that a machine learning model follows to learn from data and make predictions.

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    Common Learning Types

    The main categories of machine learning approaches, including supervised, unsupervised, semi-supervised, and reinforcement learning.

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    Dimensionality Reduction

    A technique used in unsupervised learning to reduce the number of features in data while retaining its essential characteristics.

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    Artificial Narrow Intelligence (ANI)

    AI that excels in a specific task or area.

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    Artificial General Intelligence (AGI)

    AI that can understand and learn any intellectual task like a human.

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    AI Adoption Rate

    The percentage of AI technology usage by experts and the general public.

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    Machine Learning (ML)

    A subset of AI where machines learn from data.

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    Deep Learning (DL)

    A type of ML using neural networks to model complex patterns.

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    Data Science

    The field that uses scientific methods to analyze data for insights.

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    AlphaGo

    An AI program that plays the board game Go, known for its 2016 victory.

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    Experts vs General Public in AI

    Different levels of AI usage; more common in expert fields than general use.

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    Study Notes

    Course Information

    • Course title: ITCT101 Computer Technologies
    • Module: 2: AI, ML, and Data Science
    • Topic: Understanding AI & ML
    • Instructor: Thanapon Noraset (Nor)
    • Email: [email protected]

    Agenda

    • AI, ML, DL, and DS
    • Machine Learning

    AI Adoption Rate

    • Data source: McKinsey Global Survey, 2024
    • Shows adoption of AI in business functions, 2017-2024
    • Adoption of AI is increasing year-on-year
    • Use of generative AI is growing, rising sharply from 2023

    What is Artificial Intelligence?

    • Definition: Machines that carry out tasks in an intelligent manner
    • Coined in 1956 by John McCarthy and researchers at Dartmouth College

    Two Categories of AI

    • Artificial Narrow Intelligence (Weak AI): AI applications proficient in a specific task -Examples: Spam detection, movie recommendations, medical diagnosis
    • Artificial General Intelligence (Strong AI): AI applications capable of many intellectual tasks like humans
      • Not yet developed; often depicted in movies

    Machine Learning

    • Definition: Machines that learn from data to perform tasks
    • Historical context: 1801 - Linear Regression
      • 1936 - Linear Classifier development
      • 1985 - Reasoning with uncertainty (Bayesian Networks)
      • 1995 - Risk minimization (SVM)
      • 2000s -Present - Machine Learning

    Deep Learning

    • Definition: A subset of machine learning methods based on artificial neural networks
    • Historical context: 1943 - artificial neural networks (McCulloch and Pitts)
      • 1986 - Backpropagation algorithm emergence
      • 2010s - Rise of deep learning

    Deep Learning and Scale

    • Performance of deep learning models improves with more data
    • Large models (typically large artificial neural networks) are more powerful but also more expensive to operate

    Data Science

    • A field combining machine learning with insights from data to make informed decisions
    • Use machine learning techniques to extract insights, understand data trends, and derive informed business strategies and decisions

    Machine Learning Definition

    • Definition: "A computer program is said to learn from experience E with respect to some class of tasks T and performance measure P, if its performance at tasks in T, as measured by P, improves with experience E." (Tom Mitchell)

    Machine Learning Process

    • Steps involved in applying machine learning to solve a problem

    Machine Learning Types

    • Supervised Learning: Uses labeled data (e.g., classification, regression).
    • Unsupervised Learning: Uses unlabeled data (e.g., clustering, dimensionality reduction).
    • Semi-supervised Learning: Uses both labeled and unlabeled data.
    • Reinforcement Learning: An agent learns to take actions in an environment to maximize rewards. 

    Supervised Learning

    • Classification: Categorizing data into labeled classes (e.g., classifying emails as spam or not spam)
    • Regression: Predicting continuous values (e.g., predicting house prices)

    Unsupervised Learning

    • Clustering: Grouping similar data points together (e.g., segmenting customers based on purchasing patterns)
    • Anomaly detection: Identifying unusual data patterns (e.g., detecting fraudulent transactions).
    • Dimensionality reduction: Reducing the number of variables while preserving important information

    Reinforcement Learning

    • Learn to take actions to achieve a goal in an environment (e.g., training a robot to navigate a maze). An agent interacts with an environment, and based on actions and outcomes, it learns. 

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    Description

    Explore the fundamentals of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) in this quiz based on Module 2 of the ITCT101 Computer Technologies course. Learn about the definitions, categories, and the increasing adoption of AI in various business functions as reported in recent surveys. Test your knowledge on key concepts and applications of AI and ML.

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