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Questions and Answers
What is the correct index for accessing the marks of the tenth student from the array 'mark'?
Which of the following statements about arrays is true?
Which of the following types does a one-dimensional array belong to?
What happens if you attempt to store more elements than the defined size of an array?
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What is the syntax for declaring a one-dimensional array in C?
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What defines an array as a linear data structure?
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How are individual elements of an array accessed?
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What does the term 'homogeneous' indicate in the context of arrays?
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Which statement is true for a one-dimensional array?
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What is a correct characteristic of a two-dimensional array?
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Study Notes
Basics of Arrays
- An array is a collection of elements of the same data type, accessed via a common variable name.
- Arrays are linear and homogeneous data structures, storing data elements sequentially in memory.
- Each element in an array is identified using an index, starting from zero.
- Example:
marks[n-1]refers to the last student's marks in an array namedmarks. -
Advantages of Arrays:
- Can store multiple values under a single name.
- Elements are stored contiguously, allowing efficient access.
- Supports flexible addition/removal of elements.
-
Disadvantages of Arrays:
- Only accommodates elements of a single data type.
- A large size can lead to memory consumption without utilization.
- Difficulties arise in accessing and manipulating multi-dimensional arrays.
Types of Arrays
- Categorized based on dimensions:
- One-dimensional Arrays
- Two-dimensional Arrays
- Multidimensional Arrays
One-dimensional Arrays
- Consist of a single subscript.
-
Declaration Syntax:
data_type array_name[size]; -
data_typerefers to the data type,array_nameis the given name, andsizeis the maximum number of elements. - Example:
float height[20];(A float array to hold up to 20 elements)
Initialization of One-dimensional Arrays
- Requires initialization to avoid "garbage" values.
- Element-wise initialization:
array_name[index] = value; - Complete initialization syntax:
data_type array_name[size] = {list of values}; - Example:
int marks[10] = {35, 70, 40, 55, 26, 43, 56, 82, 78, 86};
Character Arrays (Strings)
- Strings are treated as arrays of characters, ending with a null terminator
\0. - Example of declaration:
char name[10]; - Example of initialization:
char a[] = {'L', 'E', 'A', 'R', 'N', ' ', 'C', '\0'};
Optional Size in Declaration
- Size can be omitted during declaration, allowing automatic determination of size based on initial values.
- Example:
int marks[] = {45, 66, 84};assumes size of 3.
Uninitialized Elements
- Uninitialized array elements default to zero.
- Example:
int x[5] = {2, 5};results in[2, 5, 0, 0, 0].
Example Program for One-dimensional Arrays
- Program to find maximum and minimum from 10 numbers:
#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
int a[10], i, max, min;
// Logic for inputting values and finding max/min...
}
- Program structure includes array declaration, loops for input, and conditional checks for determining max and min values.
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Description
Test your understanding of Unit 3: Arrays and Strings in the Basics of Logic Development (IT3009) course. This quiz covers fundamental concepts related to array manipulation and string handling, essential for developing logical programming skills.
