24 Questions
What is the maximum period of detention without the advisory board's opinion?
Three months
Who has exclusive authority to make a law of preventive detention?
The Parliament
Who are entitled to the right to protect their genetic information from DNA testing?
Children and adults
What is recognized under the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights?
Right to protect Genetic Data
What is the procedure to be followed by an advisory board in preventive detention?
The board will follow a prescribed procedure
Why would allowing DNA tests be harmful according to the court's ruling?
It would harm the reputation and dignity of the mother
What is the fundamental right guaranteed under Article 21 of the Constitution?
Right to life and personal liberty
Who consists of the advisory board in preventive detention?
Judges of a High Court
Which of the following is a right of an arrested person under Article 22 of the Indian Constitution?
Right to be released after 24 hours unless the magistrate authorizes further detention
What is the recent development related to passive euthanasia in the country?
The Supreme Court agreed to ease the procedure for passive euthanasia
Which European Union regulation aims to combat disinformation?
Code of Practice on Disinformation
What is the primary function of the PIB?
Sharing information with the media about government policies
What is the concept that makes a government not liable for statements made by its ministers?
Collective responsibility
What is the purpose of the 'essentiality' doctrine introduced by the Supreme Court?
To protect religious practices that are essential or integral to religion
In which case did the Supreme Court introduce the 'essentiality' doctrine?
Shirur Mutt case
What is included in the definition of 'religion' according to the Supreme Court?
All rituals and practices integral to it
Who is not entitled to the safeguards provided under Article 22 of the Indian Constitution?
An enemy alien
In which role can a minister make statements that are not liable on the government?
Personal role
What is the purpose of the IT Rules, 2021?
To provide guidelines for intermediaries and digital media ethics in India
Which of the following regulations is related to digital media ethics in India?
IT (Intermediary Guidelines and Digital Media Ethics Code) Amendment Rules, 2023
Under which law are the safeguards provided under Article 22 of the Indian Constitution not applicable?
Preventive detention law
Which of the following is a fundamental right protected by the 'essentiality' doctrine?
Right to freedom of religion
Which of the following is a right of an arrested person under Article 22 of the Indian Constitution?
Right to consult and be defended by a legal practitioner
What is the impact of the collective responsibility concept on government ministers?
They are not liable for their statements
Study Notes
IT Rules and Global Measures
- IT Rules, 2021, and IT (Intermediary Guidelines and Digital Media Ethics Code) Amendment Rules, 2023, are significant regulations.
- Global measures include the European Union's Code of Practice on Disinformation 2022 and the United Kingdom's Online Safety Bill.
PIB (Ministry of Information and Broadcasting)
- PIB is the official agency of the government for sharing information with the media about government policies, programs, and achievements.
- It acts as a bridge between the government and the media, gathering public feedback from media sources.
Right to Arrest and Detention
- Right to be informed of the grounds of arrest.
- Right to consult and be defended by a legal practitioner.
- Right to be produced before a magistrate within 24 hours (excluding journey time).
- Right to be released after 24 hours unless the magistrate authorizes further detention.
- These safeguards are not available to an enemy alien or a person arrested or detained under a preventive detention law.
Euthanasia
- The Supreme Court has eased the procedure for passive euthanasia in the country by altering the existing guidelines for 'living wills'.
Free Speech of Public Functionaries
- The Supreme Court has ruled that a government isn't liable for statements made by its ministers, even if related to state affairs.
- Concept of collective responsibility is a political concept and is the responsibility of the Council of Ministers, not the individual ministers.
- A minister can make statements in two roles, Personal and Official, as a government delegate.
Doctrine of Essential Religious Practices
- The Doctrine of Essential Practices is a legal doctrine that protects religious practices that are essential or integral to religion and doesn't violate any fundamental right.
- The Supreme Court introduced the "essentiality" doctrine in the 1954 'Shirur Mutt' case, defining "religion" to include all rituals and practices integral to it.
Right to Protect Genetic Information
- The right to protect Genetic Data is a fundamental right that recognizes an individual's autonomy and control over their personal and intimate genetic data.
- It is also recognized under the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights.
- The Supreme Court has ruled that children have the right to protect their genetic information from DNA testing in divorce proceedings, as it is their fundamental right to privacy, guaranteed under Article 21 of the Constitution.
- Allowing DNA tests would harm the reputation and dignity of the mother.
This quiz covers the IT Rules, 2021, and its amendments, including the IT (Intermediary Guidelines and Digital Media Ethics Code) Amendment Rules, 2023, and related rights such as the right to be informed and defended by a legal practitioner.
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