Isolation Precautions and ICF Principles Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary goal of isolation precautions?

  • To sanitize surfaces with chemicals
  • To exclude pathogens and prevent infection (correct)
  • To enhance the temperature of medical tools
  • To enable air circulation in medical environments

Which method is specifically designed to reduce microbial contamination to a low level?

  • Sanitization (correct)
  • Antisepsis
  • Sterilization
  • Decontamination

What is a method of sterilization that uses high temperature and pressure?

  • Chemical disinfection
  • Steam sterilization (autoclaving) (correct)
  • Pasteurization
  • Radiation treatment

Which process involves killing non-spore-forming microorganisms using hot water or steam?

<p>Pasteurization (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the formula used to convert temperature from degrees Fahrenheit to degrees Celsius?

<p>Degrees C = 5/9(Degrees F - 32) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are activity limitations as defined in the context provided?

<p>Difficulties in executing daily tasks or activities (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which body structures are likely to be affected by impairments mentioned in the content?

<p>Cardiovascular system and musculature (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which contextual factors might restrict an individual's participation in society?

<p>Unemployment and community involvement (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do personal factors consist of regarding an individual's features?

<p>Personal attributes not related to health conditions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of an activity of daily living (ADL) that may be limited?

<p>Personal hygiene practices (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the principle of universality in the ICF refer to?

<p>Disability is inherent to all individuals regardless of health condition (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which function is affected by impairments in the cardiovascular system?

<p>Pumping of blood to the rest of the body (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the principle of neutrality in the ICF indicate?

<p>Disability can have both positive and negative effects (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of informed consent in physical therapy?

<p>To ensure the client understands the risks and benefits of intervention (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When should a physical therapist modify or discontinue the plan of care?

<p>Based on regular reassessment throughout care (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'multidisciplinary' refer to in a rehabilitation context?

<p>Each discipline provides its own unique services without interaction (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What mode of therapy is provided to patients upon referral from primary care?

<p>Secondary care (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the assessment and diagnosis step in patient management?

<p>Using examination results to establish a diagnosis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which ethical consideration requires physical therapists to adhere to legislation in practice?

<p>Legal considerations (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What defines tertiary care within the healthcare system?

<p>Specialized care often in facilities focusing on specific health conditions (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the appropriate order of the Patient/Client Management Model?

<p>Examination, Evaluation, Diagnosis, Prognosis, Intervention (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When determining a plan of care, the physical therapist primarily relies on what?

<p>Assessment results from the evaluation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes interdisciplinary collaboration in physical therapy?

<p>Lateral communication among all team members (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does pulse pressure measure?

<p>Difference between systolic and diastolic pressures (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What condition is indicated by pale or blanched areas?

<p>Severe, dangerous pressure (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which position is recommended for a transfemoral amputation?

<p>Prone (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What issues may arise from excessive pillow use under the cervical area in supine position?

<p>Encouraged neck flexion (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which motions should be avoided during transtibial amputation?

<p>Prolonged hip and knee flexion (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can result from localized ischemia due to pressure on bony prominence?

<p>Necrosis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be avoided to relieve pressure on the calcaneus while in supine position?

<p>Knee hyperextension (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the supine position, how should the hip be rotated to prevent contractures?

<p>Inward rotation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What condition describes a heart rate in an adult that is less than 60 beats per minute?

<p>Bradycardia (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which term refers to the absence of breathing?

<p>Apnea (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the hypothalamus act as in regards to body temperature regulation?

<p>The body's thermostat (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes tachypnea?

<p>Respiratory rate greater than 24 breaths per minute (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is considered a low-grade fever in Celsius?

<p>37.1 C to 38.2 C (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does surface body temperature refer to?

<p>The temperature of the skin (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes remittent fever?

<p>Always higher than normal but fluctuates (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In cases of orthostatic hypotension, what is typically observed?

<p>Blood pressure decreases with standing (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is indicated by pulse deficit?

<p>Inconsistency between apical and radial pulse rates (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Hyperventilation is characterized by which of the following?

<p>Increased respiratory rate and chest wall movement (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of 'availability' in effective communication?

<p>Ensuring content is accessible to the audience. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes 'accuracy' in health communication?

<p>Presenting content that is valid and free from errors. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'repetition' in content delivery aim to achieve?

<p>To reinforce the impact and reach new generations. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is 'balance' defined within the context of health communication?

<p>Recognizing both benefits and risks of potential actions. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which component is NOT part of the psychosocial factors affecting health communication?

<p>Technological advancements. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of effective health communication, what does 'consistency' imply?

<p>Internal and external information remains consistent over time. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an essential characteristic of evidence-based communication?

<p>It has undergone rigorous analysis and review. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the 'biopsychosocial components' of health communication?

<p>Integration of person, biology, and social environment. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Informed Consent

The process of obtaining informed consent from a client involves providing them with comprehensive information about the planned intervention, including its potential benefits, risks, and possible alternative options. This empowers the client to make an informed decision about their care.

Reassessment/Reevaluation

This principle highlights the importance of regularly reassessing a client's progress during their treatment. It's about adjusting the plan of care based on how the client is responding to therapy.

Philippine Physical Therapy Association

The Philippine Physical Therapy Association (PPTA) acts as a formal representation and advocate for the physical therapy profession in the Philippines. Its role involves setting standards, promoting ethical practice, and supporting the development of the profession.

Research

This principle emphasizes the importance of incorporating current research findings into physical therapy practice to ensure evidence-based and effective treatment approaches.

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Multidisciplinary

In a multidisciplinary team, each professional focuses on their own area of expertise, treating the patient independently. There is limited communication between disciplines.

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Interdisciplinary

This approach involves integrating different specialties to collaborate and provide holistic care to the patient. All members contribute their expertise, and there's regular communication and coordination.

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Administration

The physical therapist is responsible for overseeing the management of physical therapy services within a clinic setting. This includes tasks related to organization, planning, and administration.

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Transdisciplinary

This refers to a situation where professionals from different disciplines are involved in a patient's care. However, a single professional acts as the lead coordinator, integrating the input and services of other disciplines.

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Tertiary

In this setting, highly specialized services are offered, often in hospitals or clinics that focus on specific health conditions. Patients typically receive referrals from primary care providers.

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Primary

Within this model, patients receive primary care services from general practitioners or family physicians. These services often act as a starting point for further medical care.

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Activity limitations

Difficulties an individual experiences in performing daily tasks, actions, or activities.

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Personal factors

Features of a person that are not related to their health conditions. These include things like age, gender, and personality.

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Impairments in body structure

Problems with the anatomical structures of the body, such as missing limbs or muscle weakness.

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Contextual factors

The entire background of a person's life including their environment and personal factors.

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Universality

The ICF model applies to everyone, regardless of their health condition.

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Neutrality

The ICF recognizes both positive and negative aspects of functioning and disability.

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Parity

Disability is not defined by its cause.

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Environmental factors

The ICF takes into account factors in a person's environment that can affect their functioning.

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Sanitization

A process that reduces microbial contamination to a low level by the use of cleaning solutions, hot water or chemical disinfectants.

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Pasteurization

A process that kills non-spore-forming microorganisms by hot water or steam.

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Surgical asepsis

Practices used to render and keep objects and areas sterile.

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Isolation Precautions

It protects the persons or objects from becoming contaminated or infected by pathogenic microorganisms thru contact, droplet or airborne.

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Sterilization

It is designed for items that cannot be sterilized by autoclaving like powders, oils and creams.

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Pulse pressure

The difference between systolic and diastolic blood pressure readings. It reflects the force of the heart's contraction.

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Pulse rate

The number of heartbeats felt in a minute, measured at a peripheral artery.

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Pulse rhythm

The pattern and intervals between each heartbeat.

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Pyrexia

A rise in body temperature, often associated with illness or infection.

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Radiation

Heat transfer without direct contact, primarily through infrared rays.

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Relapsing fever

Alternating periods of high fever lasting several days followed by days of normal temperature.

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Redness vs. Paleness

Areas with redness indicate increased blood flow and pressure, while pale areas indicate reduced blood flow and pressure.

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Pressure on Bony Prominences

Excessive pressure on a bony prominence can cause localized tissue ischemia and potentially lead to tissue death.

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Afebrile

A condition where the body temperature is not elevated.

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Antipyretic

A medication that helps reduce fever.

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Apical or mitral area

The area at the apex of the heart, located in the 5th intercostal space in the left mid-clavicular line in an adult.

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Apnea

The absence of breathing.

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Bradycardia

A heart rate in an adult that is less than 60 beats per minute.

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Korotkoff sounds

A series of sounds heard when taking blood pressure, corresponding to changes in blood flow through an artery as pressure is released.

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Low-grade fever

A fever between 37.1°C to 38.2°C (98.8°F to 100.6°F).

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Orthopnea

The ability to breathe only in an upright sitting or standing position.

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Orthostatic hypotension

Blood pressure decreased below normal, often associated with weakness or fainting when one rises to an erect position.

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Pulse

The perceptible throbbing sensation (pulsation) felt over a peripheral artery, caused by the wave of blood created by the left ventricle's contraction.

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Balance in Health Communication

The content is presented with benefits and risks of actions, recognizing different valid perspectives.

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Consistency in Health Communication

The delivery method of health information and services remains consistent over time and aligns with other sources.

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Availability in Health Communication

Health information is delivered or placed where the target audience can easily access it.

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Understandability in Health Communication

The language and format of the content match the understanding level of the intended audience.

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Repetition in Health Communication

The content is delivered or repeated over time to reinforce its impact and reach new audiences.

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Accuracy in Health Communication

The content is accurate, free of errors, and supported by solid evidence.

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Evidence-based in Health Communication

The content undergoes rigorous analysis and review to ensure its effectiveness and reliability.

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Biopsychosocial Components

The content includes an individual's social and psychological factors, including social environment. It also includes person, biology, and social environment.

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Study Notes

Standards of Physical Therapy Practice

  • Adheres to current legislation, applying research findings to practice and being responsible for the direction of physical therapy services in the clinic.
  • Physical therapists participate in the education of physical therapy students and other allied health professions.
  • PT practice parameters set quality standards and evaluation criteria.
  • Patients are received upon referral from a licensed health professional.
  • Intervention is discontinued when goals are met, the patient refuses, or they are unable to continue receiving care.
  • Physical therapists use assessment and evaluation results to determine diagnoses and develop intervention plans based on these results.
  • Interventions are implemented in collaboration with team members.
  • Physical therapists provide clients with information regarding the intervention plan, including effectiveness, risks, and alternatives.
  • Plans of care are modified as needed throughout the duration of care and reassessed regularly.
  • The Philippine Physical Therapy Association is the professional body representing physical therapists.
  • Transdisciplinary collaboration involving other professionals is acceptable when within the scope of practice of the provider.
  • Services can be categorized as primary, secondary, or tertiary depending on the facility's focus and referral basis.
  • Patient /client management follows typical steps: examination, evaluation, diagnosis, prognosis, intervention.
  • Multidisciplinary care is focused on each discipline's unique activity, without lateral communication between disciplines, unless a doctor consults another professional for specific instruction or requests.
  • Professionals in the rehabilitation team include physicians, (at least) 7 members, all consulted in decision-making with lateral communication.

Professional Behaviors Expected in PT

  • Communication skills, problem-solving skills, responsibility, and effective use of time and resources are expected behaviors in PTs.
  • Commitment to learning, including research on areas where knowledge is lacking.
  • Interpersonal skills, stress management support network, feedback, and critical thinking are additional expected behaviors.
  • Workshops for professionalism development are beneficial.

ICF (International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health) Model

  • Provides a coherent view of health perspectives, including the biological, individual, and social aspects (Biopsychosocial model).
  • Qualifiers (in ICF) record the presence and severity of problems in body functions, personal and societal levels of functioning.
  • ICF Usage defines the effective use of resources for economic analyses, including social security, employment, education, and transportation.
  • ICF provides a framework for classifying and understanding health and health-related states, and for evaluating the impact of interventions/procedures.
  • ICF Function: reduces the incidence and severity of disability and enhance functional capacity by modifying social and physical environments, allowing for impact of interventions to be recorded.
  • ICF Disability Classification: views disability as a result of illness, trauma, and other health conditions.
  • ICF model includes the medical model and the social model, recognizing that disabilities have implications for political and societal response.
  • Data collected in the ICF framework is consistent and internationally comparable.

Case Analysis (L.V. with CVA)

  • L.V. is a 45-year-old male patient diagnosed with asymptomatic HPN, (L) CVA, and (R) hemiplegia.
  • Upper extremity is more affected than the lower one.
  • Patient reports pain (5/10) in (R) shoulder, swelling in (R) hand, difficulty moving (R) limb, especially during household chores (related to spasticity of musculature).

Other Important Information

  • Standard Precautions and Transmission-Based Precautions in infection control.
  • Asepsis - practices for preventing infection transmission.
  • Decontamination/Sterilization methods.
  • Various vital signs and definitions (e.g., afebrile, bradycardia, orthostatic hypotension, etc.).
  • Definitions of different types of fever, including low-grade, high-grade, and relapsing.
  • Body systems affected by different medical conditions.

Psychosocial Issues

  • Psychosocial components include patient, psychosocial, and social environmental factors.
  • Biopsychosocial components comprise person, biology, psychology, and social environment.
  • Effective communication in healthcare involves addressing cultural competence.

Variety of Communication Contexts and Channels

  • Communication encompasses various contexts, including school, home, and work.

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Related Documents

Philippine Physical Therapy Standards PDF

Description

This quiz focuses on the fundamental principles of isolation precautions, methods of microbial control, and key concepts from the International Classification of Functioning (ICF). Test your knowledge on sterilization techniques, activity limitations, and the impact of impairments on participation in society. Perfect for healthcare professionals or students in related fields.

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