ISO 45001 OHSMS Clauses Overview

ISO 45001-OHSMS

• Provides a framework for organizations to manage health and safety risks and improve performance.
• Based on the Plan-Do-Check-Act (PDCA) cycle.
• Consists of 10 clauses.

Clauses Overview

• Clause 1 - Scope: Defines the boundaries and applicability of the OSH management system within the organization.
• Clause 2 - Normative References: Lists standards, documents, or regulations relevant to the system.
• Clause 3 - Terms and Definitions: Clarifies terminology used in the management system.
• Clause 4 - Context of the Organization:
  • Identifies internal issues (products, services, capabilities, processes, strategic directions).
  • Identifies external issues (cultural, social, political, financial, economic).
  • Explains SWOT (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats) analysis.
  • Recognizes internal and external stakeholders (workers, managers, contractors, suppliers, clients, consumers, regulators, media, communities, general public).
• Clause 5 - Leadership:
  • Includes leadership and commitment.
  • Outlines OH&S policy.
  • Contains organizational roles, responsibilities, and authorities.
• Clause 6 - Planning: Defines actions for addressing risks and opportunities, setting OH&S objectives, and planning to achieve them.
• Clause 7 - Support: Covers:
  • Resources for OH&S.
  • Communication strategies.
  • Awareness training.
  • Competence development.
  • Documented information.
• Clause 8 - Operation: Details operational planning and control, such as Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs), and emergency preparedness and response.
• Clause 9 - Performance Evaluation: Defines monitoring, measurement, analysis, and performance evaluation. Also covers internal audits and management reviews.
• Clause 10 - Improvement: Describes areas for improvements, and the culture of continual improvement.

Other Standards Mentioned

• ISO 14001 EMS: Addresses environmental management system. Highlights benefits like environmental impact improvements, cost effectiveness, resource efficiency, and the creation of new business opportunities.
• ISO 9001 QMS: Focuses on quality management systems, increasing opportunities, improving processes, and cost savings.
• OSHAS 18001: Concentrates on hazard control and a reactive approach.

Audit Terminologies

• Audit Scope: Boundaries and extent of an audit (e.g., a specific process or timeframe).
• Audit Plan: Created by the lead auditor to schedule and implement the audit systematically.
• Audit Objective: The goal of the audit (e.g., certification, legal purposes).
• Audit Criteria: Standards against which performance is evaluated (e.g., ISO standards).
• Audit Program: Detailed plan outlining the audit activities.
• NCR (Non Conformity Report): Report of non-conformances. Distinguishes between non-conformity (deviation from ISO standards) and non-compliance (deviation from law, regulation or contract). Differentiates between major and minor deviations.

Corrective Action/Action Plan

• Essential for resolving non-conformities. Defines responsibilities, actions and timelines.
• Determining whether closure of observations is mandatory, recommendations, and timelines, e.g., 90 days.

Safety Audit and Inspection

• Explains Audit Scope, Audit Plans, Audit Objectives and other relevant terminologies.
• Explains the difference between compliance and conformity

System Safety Techniques

• Explains FTA (Fault Tree Analysis), its principles and applications in accident investigations.
• Defines BOW Tie analysis and its use

MORT (Management Oversight and Risk Tree)

• Used in accident investigations and management failures.
• Similar to FTA but with a stronger emphasis on management factors.

Hazard Analysis

• Explains Risk Priority Number (RPN) and its use in FMEA (Failure Modes and Effects Analysis) and FMECA (Failure Modes Effects and Criticality Analysis).
• Explains HAZOP (Hazard and Operability study) and its application in process plants, identifying deviations through guide words and process parameters.

Theories

• Heinrich's Domino Theory: Identifies the components of safety.
• McGregor's Theory X and Y: Describes worker attitudes toward work, with X being negative (less motivated) and Y being positive (more motivated).
• Herzberg's Two-Factor Theory: Highlights hygiene factors (e.g., workplace conditions) and motivating factors (e.g., salary) that influence worker satisfaction.
• Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs: Explains employee motivation via a hierarchical system of needs.

Key Performance Indicators

• Near miss reporting is a lagging indicator, however near miss reporting itself is a leading indicator.
• OHSAs Incident rate: formula to determine the risk rate of injury in an organization.

This quiz covers the ISO 45001 Occupational Health and Safety Management System, focusing on its key clauses. Participants will learn about the framework's scope, normative references, key terms, and the context of the organization. Engage with the details of the management system that help improve workplace health and safety.