lecture 17- ecology
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Questions and Answers

What term refers to the predictable sequence of changes that occur in a community over time following a disturbance?

  • Biogeography
  • Succession (correct)
  • Disturbance theory
  • Metacommunities
  • Which theory is empirically supported by the test conducted by Simberloff and Wilson?

  • Equilibrium theory of island biogeography (correct)
  • Island connectivity theory
  • Metapopulation theory
  • Disturbance theory
  • In the context of forest ecosystems, who proposed the concept of shifting mosaics?

  • Simberloff and Wilson
  • Simberloff and Likens
  • Bormann and Likens (correct)
  • Bormann and Wilson
  • What term describes the concept that disturbances can lead to changes in the composition and structure of communities within landscapes?

    <p>Succession</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do early successional species respond to disturbances like ice storms according to the text?

    <p>They colonize open areas and initiate succession</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What ecological processes are influenced by the spatial arrangement of patches in landscapes?

    <p>Species dispersal, colonization, and competition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do ecologists gain insights into the resilience of ecosystems according to the shifting mosaics perspective?

    <p>By observing the evolution of landscape composition over time</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the concept of shifting mosaics in landscape ecology emphasize?

    <p>The constant factor of change in landscapes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is understanding shifting mosaics important for effective conservation and management?

    <p>To predict and mitigate the impacts of disturbances on biodiversity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is considered a constant factor according to the concept of shifting mosaics in landscape ecology?

    <p>Change in the landscape due to natural disturbances and processes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used in landscape ecology to describe a patchwork of different land and water types within a landscape?

    <p>Landscape mosaics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In landscape ecology, what is the term for a relatively homogeneous area within the landscape?

    <p>Patch</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do corridors in landscape ecology refer to?

    <p>Routes facilitating movement between patches</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term describes the community surrounding a single patch in landscape ecology?

    <p>Matrix</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are identifying boundaries between patches crucial in landscape ecology?

    <p>To facilitate interactions between species</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of connectivity involves the actual movement of organisms between patches?

    <p>Functional connectivity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor is NOT mentioned as influencing urban areas according to the passage?

    <p>Proximity to water bodies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do researchers analyze within landscapes using metrics like distance to patch edges?

    <p>Species distribution patterns</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The passage emphasizes the importance of considering which types of landscapes in ecological research and conservation efforts?

    <p>Both natural and urban landscapes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In landscape ecology studies, which aspect influences species dispersal and overall landscape resilience?

    <p>Connectivity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key focus of conservation efforts in fragmented landscapes?

    <p>Minimizing isolation between habitat patches</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can conservation initiatives help mitigate the negative effects of habitat fragmentation?

    <p>By promoting connectivity between patches</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is essential for assessing and promoting biodiversity conservation in fragmented landscapes?

    <p>Enhancing structural and functional connectivity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of conservation, what does the Theory of Island Biogeography examine?

    <p>The balance between colonization and extinction rates on an island</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does strategic landscape planning contribute to biodiversity conservation?

    <p>By considering both structural and functional connectivity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What concept in landscape ecology refers to distinct areas within a landscape that differ in terms of land cover?

    <p>Patches</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of species thrive in high-disturbance areas and have access to resources from adjacent habitats?

    <p>Edge species</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In landscape ecology, what are the areas within a landscape that play a significant role in supporting diverse communities called?

    <p>Patches</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT highlighted in the passage as a key factor in ecological research and conservation planning?

    <p>Species competition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What kind of environments are vital in supporting diverse communities according to the passage?

    <p>Edge environments</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does structural connectivity refer to?

    <p>The physical arrangement and connectivity of habitat patches within a landscape</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is structural connectivity measured?

    <p>Using metrics such as patch size, shape complexity, distance between patches, presence of corridors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is high structural connectivity important in a landscape?

    <p>To allow movement of organisms between patches</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which metric is NOT used to quantify structural connectivity?

    <p>Availability of edge habitat</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What aspect of landscape influences community structure according to the text?

    <p>Connectivity of habitat patches</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is understanding relationships between patch size and shape important for habitat management?

    <p>To influence community structure and species distribution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which concept is essential in biodiversity conservation planning?

    <p>Spatial configuration of patches</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does patch size relate to community structure?

    <p>By shaping the availability of edge and interior habitat</p> Signup and view all the answers

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