lecture 17- ecology
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Questions and Answers

What term refers to the predictable sequence of changes that occur in a community over time following a disturbance?

  • Biogeography
  • Succession (correct)
  • Disturbance theory
  • Metacommunities

Which theory is empirically supported by the test conducted by Simberloff and Wilson?

  • Equilibrium theory of island biogeography (correct)
  • Island connectivity theory
  • Metapopulation theory
  • Disturbance theory

In the context of forest ecosystems, who proposed the concept of shifting mosaics?

  • Simberloff and Wilson
  • Simberloff and Likens
  • Bormann and Likens (correct)
  • Bormann and Wilson

What term describes the concept that disturbances can lead to changes in the composition and structure of communities within landscapes?

<p>Succession (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do early successional species respond to disturbances like ice storms according to the text?

<p>They colonize open areas and initiate succession (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What ecological processes are influenced by the spatial arrangement of patches in landscapes?

<p>Species dispersal, colonization, and competition (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do ecologists gain insights into the resilience of ecosystems according to the shifting mosaics perspective?

<p>By observing the evolution of landscape composition over time (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the concept of shifting mosaics in landscape ecology emphasize?

<p>The constant factor of change in landscapes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is understanding shifting mosaics important for effective conservation and management?

<p>To predict and mitigate the impacts of disturbances on biodiversity (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is considered a constant factor according to the concept of shifting mosaics in landscape ecology?

<p>Change in the landscape due to natural disturbances and processes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used in landscape ecology to describe a patchwork of different land and water types within a landscape?

<p>Landscape mosaics (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In landscape ecology, what is the term for a relatively homogeneous area within the landscape?

<p>Patch (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do corridors in landscape ecology refer to?

<p>Routes facilitating movement between patches (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which term describes the community surrounding a single patch in landscape ecology?

<p>Matrix (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why are identifying boundaries between patches crucial in landscape ecology?

<p>To facilitate interactions between species (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of connectivity involves the actual movement of organisms between patches?

<p>Functional connectivity (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor is NOT mentioned as influencing urban areas according to the passage?

<p>Proximity to water bodies (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do researchers analyze within landscapes using metrics like distance to patch edges?

<p>Species distribution patterns (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The passage emphasizes the importance of considering which types of landscapes in ecological research and conservation efforts?

<p>Both natural and urban landscapes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In landscape ecology studies, which aspect influences species dispersal and overall landscape resilience?

<p>Connectivity (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key focus of conservation efforts in fragmented landscapes?

<p>Minimizing isolation between habitat patches (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can conservation initiatives help mitigate the negative effects of habitat fragmentation?

<p>By promoting connectivity between patches (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is essential for assessing and promoting biodiversity conservation in fragmented landscapes?

<p>Enhancing structural and functional connectivity (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of conservation, what does the Theory of Island Biogeography examine?

<p>The balance between colonization and extinction rates on an island (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does strategic landscape planning contribute to biodiversity conservation?

<p>By considering both structural and functional connectivity (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What concept in landscape ecology refers to distinct areas within a landscape that differ in terms of land cover?

<p>Patches (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of species thrive in high-disturbance areas and have access to resources from adjacent habitats?

<p>Edge species (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In landscape ecology, what are the areas within a landscape that play a significant role in supporting diverse communities called?

<p>Patches (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT highlighted in the passage as a key factor in ecological research and conservation planning?

<p>Species competition (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What kind of environments are vital in supporting diverse communities according to the passage?

<p>Edge environments (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does structural connectivity refer to?

<p>The physical arrangement and connectivity of habitat patches within a landscape (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is structural connectivity measured?

<p>Using metrics such as patch size, shape complexity, distance between patches, presence of corridors (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is high structural connectivity important in a landscape?

<p>To allow movement of organisms between patches (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which metric is NOT used to quantify structural connectivity?

<p>Availability of edge habitat (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What aspect of landscape influences community structure according to the text?

<p>Connectivity of habitat patches (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is understanding relationships between patch size and shape important for habitat management?

<p>To influence community structure and species distribution (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which concept is essential in biodiversity conservation planning?

<p>Spatial configuration of patches (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does patch size relate to community structure?

<p>By shaping the availability of edge and interior habitat (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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