Iron Deficiency Anemia

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Questions and Answers

Match the following causes with the related type of anemia:

Nutritional deficiency (Vitamin B12) = Megaloblastic anemia Faulty iron absorption = Iron deficiency anemia Defects in DNA synthesis = Megaloblastic anemia Excessive blood loss = Iron deficiency anemia

Match the laboratory findings with the type of anemia they indicate:

Decreased serum ferritin = Iron deficiency anemia Macrocytosis = Megaloblastic anemia Increased TIBC = Iron deficiency anemia Hypersegmented neutrophils = Megaloblastic anemia

Match the specific condition with its related potential cause of anemia:

Pregnancy = Both anemias Gastric Resection = Iron deficiency anemia Dietary deficiency of B12 = Megaloblastic anemia Peptic ulcer = Iron deficiency anemia

Match the type of anemia with the key blood film findings:

Hypochromic, microcytic red cells = Iron deficiency anemia Macrocytic red cells with ovelocytes = Megaloblastic anemia Normal reticulocyte count = Iron deficiency anemia Leukocytosis with reduced platelets = Megaloblastic anemia Signup and view all the answers

Match the clinical scenario with the most likely cause of megaloblastic anemia:

Strict vegetarian diet = Vitamin B12 deficiency Celiac disease = Malabsorption issues Chemotherapy treatment = Defect in DNA synthesis Pregnancy = Increased folate demand Signup and view all the answers

Match the blood test result with its interpretation in iron deficiency anemia (IDA):

Low serum iron = Indicates reduced iron availability Increased TIBC = Suggests the body is trying to compensate for low iron by increasing transferrin Decreased Hb and PCV = Indicates decreased red blood cell mass and volume Decreased MCV = Indicates smaller than normal red blood cell size Signup and view all the answers

Match the condition with the type of anemia it may primarily cause:

Hookworm infestation = Iron deficiency anemia Severe pancreatitis = Megaloblastic anemia Gastrectomy = Iron deficiency anemia Congenital defects in DNA synthesis = Megaloblastic anemia Signup and view all the answers

Match the laboratory test value with its likely change in megaloblastic anemia compared to normal:

Serum vitamin B12 = Decreased MCV = Increased Unconjugated bilirubin = Increased Platelets = Moderately reduced Signup and view all the answers

Match the cause of anemia to the mechanism by which it leads to anemia:

Nutritional deficiency = Lack of essential nutrients for hemoglobin synthesis. Faulty absorption = Impaired uptake of nutrients from the digestive tract Increased demand = Higher requirements for nutrients that exceed intake Excessive blood loss = Reduced overall red blood cell numbers and iron stores. Signup and view all the answers

Associate the specific blood film finding with the relevant detail it reveals about the affected red blood cells:

Hypochromia = Reduced hemoglobin, leading to paler color Microcytosis = Smaller than normal red blood cell size. Macrocytosis = Larger than normal red blood cell size. Ovelocytes = Oval-shaped red blood cells, common in megaloblastic anemia. Signup and view all the answers

Match each clinical finding with the type of anemia where it is most commonly observed:

Low hemoglobin = Both (Iron Deficiency and Megaloblastic Anemia) Pica (unusual cravings) = Iron Deficiency Anemia Neurological symptoms (e.g., paresthesia) = Megaloblastic Anemia Fatigue = Both (Iron Deficiency and Megaloblastic Anemia) Signup and view all the answers

Match the treatment approach with its primary aim in managing the respective type of anemia:

Iron supplementation = To increase hemoglobin levels Vitamin B12 injections = To promote DNA synthesis Folate supplementation = To address folate deficiency Blood transfusion = To rapidly increase red blood cell count Signup and view all the answers

Match the laboratory finding with its specific association with iron metabolism or red blood cell status:

TIBC (Total Iron Binding Capacity) = Measures the capacity of transferrin to bind iron Serum Ferritin = Indicates iron stores in the body Hemoglobin (Hb) = Measures the amount of oxygen-carrying protein in red blood cells Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV) = Indicates the average size of red blood cells Signup and view all the answers

Match the specific aspect of DNA synthesis or deficiency with the related effect in megaloblastic anemia:

Impaired DNA synthesis = Leads to abnormal cell division and enlargement Vitamin B12 deficiency = Essential for DNA synthesis and cell maturation Folate deficiency = Necessary for nucleotide synthesis Hypersegmented Neutrophils = Due to delayed maturation of cells Signup and view all the answers

Match the potential underlying cause of iron deficiency anemia with its direct implication:

Chronic blood loss = Leads to iron depletion in the body Poor dietary intake = Insufficient iron supply from food Malabsorption syndromes = Impedes iron absorption in the digestive tract Increased demand (e.g., pregnancy) = Exceeds the body's iron storage and intake. Signup and view all the answers

Match the cause of macrocytosis to the associated condition and/or disease state:

Alcoholism = Direct toxic effect on bone marrow and folate metabolism. Liver disease = Abnormal lipid metabolism affecting red cell membrane Reticulocytosis = Increased number of immature red cells (which are larger), in circulation Hypothyroidism = Altered erythropoiesis (red cell formation) Signup and view all the answers

Match the treatment with its role or action in anemia management

Iron Supplementation = Replenishes iron stores to support hemoglobin synthesis. Vitamin B12 injections = Circumvents absorption barriers to effectively deliver necessary B12. Folate supplementation = Provides necessary building blocks for DNA production, supporting cellular growth. Manage Blood conditions (e.g. peptic ulcer) = Stops depletion of iron stores. Signup and view all the answers

Match the laboratory find with its role in diagnosis of anemia.

Complete Blood Count = Comprehensive snapshot of blood components and quantities. Peripheral Blood Smear = Helps evaluate morphology or red blood cell abnormalities. Serum Ferritin = Assesses overall iron stores to diagnose. Total Blood Binding Capacity = Indirect measure of transferrin (protein to transport Iron). Signup and view all the answers

Associate each type of anemia with its distinct etiology and/or cause:

Nutritional Deficiency (e.g. Vegetarian) = Lack/decreased amount of critical, essential ingredient needed for red cell synthesis. Malabsorption Issues (e.g. Gastric Resection) = Results in impaired Iron levels because its not absorbed in digestive system. Genetic or Congenital Deficiencies = Causes malproduction of red cells Other - Drug interactions = May affect normal, cellular growth. Signup and view all the answers

Understanding clinical scenarios of anemias requires knowing that there are a variety of common symptoms. Match a common symptom from anemia to its cause.

Fatigue = Lowered oxygen delivery to tissue. Headaches = Due to decreased levels of oxygen in brain. Shortness of breath = Compensatory rise in breathing rate to manage lower oxygen. Irregular heartbeats or Chest Pain = Increased in heart rate to perfuse other areas of body. Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Iron Deficiency Anemia

Most common nutritional disorder, often half of anemia cases.

Nutritional iron deficiency

Insufficient iron intake, such as from a poor diet.