Ions and Compounds

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following atoms or ions does not have a stable octet configuration?

  • A sodium ion (Na⁺)
  • An argon atom (Ar)
  • A chloride ion (Cl⁻)
  • An atom of sodium (Na) (correct)

Which statement accurately describes ionic compounds?

  • They are formed when metals react with non-metals. (correct)
  • They are composed of metal ions bonded to other metal ions.
  • They are usually insoluble in water.
  • They are substances with low melting points.

Which of the following is classified as a molecular element?

  • Cu(NO3)2
  • Cl2 (correct)
  • NaCl
  • Fe

Which of the following statements correctly describes molecular compounds?

<p>They form when electrons are shared. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which characteristic is most likely associated with a substance that has a high melting point?

<p>It has strong forces holding the atoms together. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following sets contains only ionic compounds?

<p>MgCl2, KCl, and CaI2 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many valence electrons does a Barium ion (Ba²⁺) (atomic number 56) have?

<p>8 valence electrons (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is most likely to form an ionic compound with chlorine?

<p>Sodium (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of bond is formed when two atoms share electrons unequally?

<p>Polar covalent bond (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following properties is generally associated with molecular compounds?

<p>Low boiling points (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary force of attraction in an ionic compound?

<p>Electrostatic forces (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following elements is most likely to exist as a diatomic molecule in its standard state?

<p>Bromine (Br) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following compounds would be expected to have the highest melting point?

<p>NaCl (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the number of valence electrons when an atom forms a stable ion?

<p>It achieves a noble gas configuration. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following compounds is held together by covalent bonds?

<p>H2O (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which element is most likely to form a 2+ cation?

<p>Calcium (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of these options describes the formation of an ionic bond?

<p>Transfer of electrons from one atom to another (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which compound is least likely to dissolve in water?

<p>Oil (a nonpolar substance) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What property of metals allows them to conduct electricity effectively?

<p>Delocalized electrons (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which noble gas has the electron configuration that a sulfur atom will achieve when it forms an ion?

<p>Argon (Ar) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Atom without a stable octet?

An atom of sodium (Na) does not have a stable octet because it needs to lose one electron to achieve a stable electron configuration.

Formation of ionic compounds?

Ionic compounds are formed when metals react with non-metals, resulting in the transfer of electrons and the formation of ions.

Example of a molecular element?

Cl2 (chlorine gas) is a molecular element because it consists of two chlorine atoms bonded together covalently.

Formation of molecular compounds?

Molecular compounds form when electrons are shared between atoms, creating covalent bonds.

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High melting point indicates?

A substance with a high melting point has strong forces holding the atoms together, requiring more energy to break these bonds and change the state.

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Examples of ionic compounds?

MgCl2, KCl, and CaI2 are ionic compounds because they are formed through the transfer of electrons between metals and nonmetals, resulting in the formation of ions and ionic bonds.

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Number of valence electrons in Barium ion?

Barium ion (Ba2+) will have 2 valence electrons . Barium, in its neutral state, has 2 valence electrons, which it readily loses to form the Ba2+ ion.

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Study Notes

  • A sodium atom (Na) does not have a stable octet.

  • Ionic compounds form when metals react with non-metals.

  • Cl2 is a molecular element.

  • Molecular compounds form when electrons are shared.

  • A substance with a high melting point has strong forces holding the atoms together.

  • MgCl2, KCl, and CaI2 are ionic compounds.

  • Barium ion (atomic number 56) will have 4 energy levels.

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