Ionic Radius

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Questions and Answers

What causes the ionic radius to vary?

  • Ion's mass
  • Spin and coordination number (correct)
  • Number of valence electrons
  • Atomic radius and electron cloud

Why do ionic radii increase with the number of surrounding bonds?

  • Increase in ion's mass
  • Decrease in spin
  • Influence on electron cloud by charges of other ions (correct)
  • Decrease in ion's charge

How does an increase in spin affect the ionic radius?

  • Forces the electron cloud to widen (correct)
  • Increases the ion's mass
  • Causes a decrease in the coordination number
  • Decreases the electron cloud tightness

What happens to the ionic radius if an ion increases in positive charge?

<p>It loses electrons and decreases its ionic radius (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why does an ion increasing in negative charge increase its atomic radius?

<p>It gains electrons and decreases its atomic radius (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What influences the tightness of the electron cloud around a central ion?

<p>Ionic charge (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor determines the increase of ionic radii with an increase in spin?

<p>Rotational flux of the ion (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the ionic radius differ from the atomic radius?

<p>Ionic radius decreases with increasing positive charge, while atomic radius increases with increasing negative charge. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what scenario would an ionic radius decrease?

<p>When the ion gains electrons. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What effect does an increase in the spin of an ion have on its ionic radius?

<p>It increases the ionic radius. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the number of surrounding bonds impact the ionic radius?

<p>Increases the ionic radius. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What causes a decrease in the tightness of the electron cloud around a central ion?

<p>Increase in positive charge of surrounding ions. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does an increase in coordination number affect the electron cloud around a central ion?

<p>Loosens the electron cloud. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor influences the electron cloud's tightness around a central ion?

<p>Increase in positive charge of other ions. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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Study Notes

### Factors Affecting Ionic Radius

  • Number of Surrounding Bonds: As the number of bonds around a central ion increases, the ionic radius increases. This is because the electrons of the central ion are repelled by the electrons of the surrounding ions, causing the electron cloud to expand.
  • Charge: As the positive charge of an ion increases, the ionic radius decreases. This is due to the stronger attraction between the nucleus and the electrons, pulling the electron cloud closer to the nucleus.
  • Spin: An increase in spin causes an increase in the ionic radius. This is because the electrons occupy a larger volume of space when their spin is higher.
  • Increase in Negative Charge: When an ion gains electrons and increases in negative charge, the ionic radius increases. This is because the increased electron-electron repulsion causes the electron cloud to expand.

Tightness of the Electron Cloud

  • The tightness of the electron cloud around a central ion is influenced by the charge of the ion, the number of surrounding bonds, and the spin of the electrons.

Ionic Radius vs Atomic Radius

  • Atomic Radius: The radius of an atom is measured from the center of the nucleus to the outermost shell of electrons.
  • Ionic Radius: The radius of an ion is measured from the center of the nucleus to the outermost shell of electrons.

Decrease in Ionic Radius

  • The ionic radius can decrease if the ion loses electrons and becomes more positively charged. This stronger attraction draws the electron cloud closer to the nucleus, resulting in a smaller radius.

Coordination Number and Electron Cloud

  • The coordination number, which describes the number of surrounding bonds in an ionic structure, has a significant influence on the electron cloud. An increase in coordination number results in a larger electron cloud, due to increased repulsions between electrons.

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