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Questions and Answers
What is the state in which the rates of forward and reverse reactions are equal?
What is the state in which the rates of forward and reverse reactions are equal?
- Acid-base reaction
- Electrolytic dissociation
- Chemical equilibrium
- Ionic equilibrium (correct)
According to the Arrhenius theory, what do acids dissociate in water to produce?
According to the Arrhenius theory, what do acids dissociate in water to produce?
- Electrons
- Molecules
- Hydrogen ions (H+) (correct)
- Hydroxide ions (OH-)
What is the relationship between pH and pOH?
What is the relationship between pH and pOH?
- pH × pOH = 14
- pH + pOH = 14 (at room temperature) (correct)
- pH = pOH
- pH - pOH = 7
What is the negative logarithm of?
What is the negative logarithm of?
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What is a limitation of the Arrhenius theory?
What is a limitation of the Arrhenius theory?
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What affects ionic equilibrium?
What affects ionic equilibrium?
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Study Notes
Electrolytic Dissociation
Ionic Equilibrium
- Electrolytic dissociation refers to the process by which ions separate from a molecule in a solution.
- Ionic equilibrium is a state where the rates of forward and reverse reactions are equal.
- In an ionic equilibrium, the concentration of ions and molecules remains constant.
- Factors affecting ionic equilibrium:
- Concentration of the electrolyte
- Temperature
- Solvent properties
Arrhenius Theory
- Developed by Svante Arrhenius in 1887
- Postulates that:
- Acids are substances that dissociate in water to produce hydrogen ions (H+)
- Bases are substances that dissociate in water to produce hydroxide ions (OH-)
- Limitations:
- Only applies to strong electrolytes
- Does not account for the behavior of weak electrolytes
pH and pOH
- pH: the negative logarithm of the hydrogen ion concentration (H+)
- pH = -log[H+]
- pOH: the negative logarithm of the hydroxide ion concentration (OH-)
- pOH = -log[OH-]
- Relationship between pH and pOH:
- pH + pOH = 14 (at room temperature)
- pH and pOH are used to quantify the acidity or basicity of a solution.
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Description
Learn about electrolytic dissociation, ionic equilibrium, Arrhenius theory, pH, and pOH in this chemistry quiz. Test your knowledge of acids, bases, and chemical reactions.
