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Questions and Answers
What method is used to transfer information between internal storage and external I/O devices?
What method is used to transfer information between internal storage and external I/O devices?
- I/O Interface (correct)
- Peripherals Supervision
- CPU Synchronization
- Memory Storage
Which special hardware components supervise and synchronize all the input and output transfers between CPU and peripherals?
Which special hardware components supervise and synchronize all the input and output transfers between CPU and peripherals?
- Memory Modules
- Interface Units (correct)
- CPU Connectors
- Peripheral Controllers
In which mode of transfer is each data item transfer initiated by an instruction in the program?
In which mode of transfer is each data item transfer initiated by an instruction in the program?
- CPU Register Transfer
- Direct Memory Access (DMA)
- Interrupt-initiated I/O
- Programmed I/O (correct)
Which mode of transfer requires constant monitoring by the CPU of the peripheral devices?
Which mode of transfer requires constant monitoring by the CPU of the peripheral devices?
From where does the information that is transferred from the CPU to the external device originate?
From where does the information that is transferred from the CPU to the external device originate?
What is the function of the Operation code (Opcode) field in a computer instruction?
What is the function of the Operation code (Opcode) field in a computer instruction?
Which instruction code format uses 12 bits of memory to specify an address and one bit to specify the addressing mode?
Which instruction code format uses 12 bits of memory to specify an address and one bit to specify the addressing mode?
How are Register-reference instructions represented in terms of Opcode and the leftmost bit of the instruction?
How are Register-reference instructions represented in terms of Opcode and the leftmost bit of the instruction?
What differentiates Input-Output instructions from Register-reference instructions in terms of the leftmost bit of the operation code?
What differentiates Input-Output instructions from Register-reference instructions in terms of the leftmost bit of the operation code?
What does the Address field contain in a computer instruction?
What does the Address field contain in a computer instruction?
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Study Notes
Input/Output Transfer
- Information is transferred between internal storage and external I/O devices using the Input/Output (I/O) transfer method.
I/O Controllers
- Special hardware components called I/O controllers supervise and synchronize all input and output transfers between the CPU and peripherals.
Programmed I/O
- In Programmed I/O, each data item transfer is initiated by an instruction in the program.
Interrupt-Driven I/O
- Interrupt-Driven I/O requires constant monitoring by the CPU of the peripheral devices.
Data Transfer Origin
- The information transferred from the CPU to the external device originates from the CPU.
Opcode Function
- The Operation code (Opcode) field in a computer instruction specifies the operation to be performed.
Instruction Code Format
- The instruction code format that uses 12 bits of memory to specify an address and one bit to specify the addressing mode is not specified, but it could be a variant of the Instruction Register (IR) format.
Register-Reference Instructions
- Register-reference instructions are represented in terms of the Opcode and the leftmost bit of the instruction, which is 0.
Input-Output Instructions
- Input-Output instructions are differentiated from Register-reference instructions in terms of the leftmost bit of the operation code, which is 1 for I/O instructions.
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