Introduction to Zoonoses
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Questions and Answers

What is the ratio of infected individuals to the rest of the exposed population known as?

  • Contagiosity (correct)
  • Infectious Dose
  • Incubation period
  • Pathogenic Dose

Which type of infection involves exposure to an agent that causes irreversible damage to a cell culture?

  • Superinfection
  • Slow infection
  • Cytopathic Dose (correct)
  • Latent infection

Which type of immunity is determined by a previous contact with a pathogenic agent?

  • Innate immunity
  • Acquired immunity (correct)
  • Chronic immunity
  • Humoral immunity

What is the term for the minimum amount of agent needed to cause disease?

<p>Pathogenic Dose (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor involves mechanical and chemical barriers as well as genetic and physiological determinants in resisting diseases?

<p>Natural resistance (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of infection involves a very sudden and severe course of illness?

<p>Peracute infection (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which term describes an outbreak with an increased or mass occurrence of cases in a particular time and space?

<p>Epidemic (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How are infections typically spread from an infected vertebrate host?

<p>Through excretion (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a mass occurrence of a disease in many countries or continents?

<p>Pandemic (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which process in the epidemic dynamics involves the entry of the agent into a susceptible host?

<p>Transmission of the agent (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what way can infectious material be spread if the host becomes a 'carrier'?

<p>Through regurgitation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'Zoonoses' mean in Greek?

<p>Animals (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What term refers to a long-term or permanent occurrence of a disease or its agent in a certain locality or area?

<p>Endemic (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who first coined the term 'Zoonoses'?

<p>Rudolf Virchow (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are 'Anthroponoses'?

<p>Diseases transmitted man-to-man (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In zoonoses and sapronoses, what is the role of humans most commonly?

<p>Accidental or dead-end host of the parasite (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does WHO define zoonoses in terms of transmission?

<p>Transmissible only from vertebrate animals to man (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the distinction between 'Anthropo-zoonoses' and 'Zoo-anthroposes'?

<p>'Anthropo-zoonoses' are more common and transmitted from animals to humans, while 'Zoo-anthroposes' are less common and transmitted from humans to animals (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of immunity is acquired naturally after infection?

<p>Active immunity acquired naturally (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a mechanism that helps bacteria evade the host's antibodies by changing surface antigens?

<p>Antigenic variation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor influences the entry of an infectious agent into the host?

<p>Dose and virulence of the infectious agent (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which situation is passive immunity acquired naturally?

<p>During embryonal development (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which action enables pathogens to survive inside host cells like macrophages?

<p>Antigenic variation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of a genetic factor that impacts host immunity?

<p>Sickle cell anemia in malaria patients (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common mode of transmission for diseases like rabies virus?

<p>Salivation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which mode of indirect transmission involves the spread of infections through the air?

<p>Inhalation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of transmission involves infections acquired during diverse medical procedures like injections or operations?

<p>Iatrogenic transmission (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Vertical transmission unique to mammals includes which method of passing agents from one host to another?

<p>Transplacental transmission (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which mode of transmission involves the use of haematophagous arthropods?

<p>Inoculation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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