Questions and Answers
What is the Internet?
A collection of computer networks that use a protocol to exchange data.
What was ARPANET?
The US Department of Defense network that began in the 1960s-70s.
When was e-mail born?
1971
Who began TCP/IP in 1974?
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The World Wide Web (WWW) was created by Tim Berners-Lee between 1989 and 1991.
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What is a web server?
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The _____ is the part of a website that the user interacts directly.
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What does HTML stand for?
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Which of the following is a frontend language?
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What is the main purpose of CSS?
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What does AJAX stand for?
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Study Notes
Internet and Its History
- The Internet is a collection of computer networks utilizing protocols for data exchange.
- Originated in the 1960s-70s as ARPANET, a US Department of Defense project.
- Key technological advancements include packet switching from the 1960s.
- E-mail was introduced in 1971, and TCP/IP protocols were developed in 1974 by Vinton Cerf.
- USENET, an early Internet system, was established in 1979.
- By 1987, the Internet had nearly 30,000 hosts, showcasing rapid growth.
- The World Wide Web (WWW) was created by Tim Berners-Lee between 1989-1991.
- Major web browsers emerged: Netscape in 1994 and Internet Explorer in 1995.
- E-commerce began with Amazon.com in 1995, followed by Google in January 1996.
- Social media platforms include Wikipedia launched in 2001, MySpace in 2003, and Facebook in February 2004.
Web Technology
- Web technology encompasses tools and techniques enabling communication between devices over the Internet.
- Web browsers allow users to access web pages, displaying text, data, images, animations, and videos.
- Hyperlinks are resources accessible on the WWW through web browser interfaces.
- The WWW relies on technologies like web browsers, HTML (Hypertext Markup Language), and HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol).
Web Server and Web Pages
- A web server processes user network requests and serves files to create web pages using HTTP.
- Web pages are digital documents viewable by any internet user with a web browser.
Web Development
- Involves building, creating, and maintaining websites; includes web design, publishing, programming, and database management.
- Web development is classified into two categories: frontend and backend development.
Frontend Development
- Refers to the user-interactive aspect of websites, also known as the ‘client side’.
- Key frontend languages:
- HTML: Defines the structure and links within web pages using markup language.
- CSS: Simplifies the process of styling web pages independently from HTML.
- JavaScript: A scripting language enhancing website interactivity and functionality.
- AJAX: Stands for Asynchronous JavaScript and XML, allowing server communication without page refresh.
Backend Development
- The server-side aspect of websites, not visible or interactable by users; manages data storage and organization.
Frontend Frameworks and Libraries
- Frontend development can be enhanced using various frameworks and libraries:
- ReactJS: A JavaScript library for building user interfaces.
- Next.js: A React framework for server-side rendering and static site generation.
Other Frontend Languages
- Additional languages for frontend development based on frameworks:
- Dart (used in Flutter)
- Python (used in Django)
These points outline key concepts in web systems and technologies, providing a foundational understanding necessary for further study in the field.
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Description
This quiz explores the foundational concepts of the Internet, including its history, key technologies, and significant milestones. Test your knowledge on ARPANET, the development of TCP/IP, and the World Wide Web's creation by Tim Berners-Lee.
