Gr 9 NATURAL SCIENCES: Ch 4.4 SUM Atmosphere
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Questions and Answers

What is the main component of the atmosphere by percentage?

  • Nitrogen (78.08%) (correct)
  • Oxygen (78.08%)
  • Argon (20.95%)
  • Carbon dioxide (0.93%)

    • What causes the distribution of gas molecules in the atmosphere?

  • Gravity (correct)
  • Solar winds
  • Temperature
  • Humidity

    • How many layers make up the atmosphere?

  • 4 (correct)
  • 3
  • 5
  • 6

    • What is the highest altitude reached by the troposphere?

    <p>12 km</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterizes the temperature in the troposphere?

    <p>Decreases with altitude</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the feature of the troposphere that distinguishes it from other layers?

    <p>Majority of the atmosphere's mass</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What merges into outer space?

    <p>Exosphere</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is NOT a component of the atmosphere?

    <p>Helium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the temperature in the mesosphere as altitude increases?

    <p>It decreases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason meteors burn up in the mesosphere?

    <p>Friction with the air</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name given to a meteor that reaches the Earth's surface?

    <p>Meteorite</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of the thermosphere that affects satellites in Low Earth Orbit?

    <p>Low air density</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process that occurs in the ionosphere?

    <p>Ionization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of the interaction between solar wind particles and the ions in the ionosphere?

    <p>Aurora borealis and aurora australis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the layer of the atmosphere that lies beyond the thermosphere?

    <p>Exosphere</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the range of temperatures in the thermosphere?

    <p>-90°C to 1500°C</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the altitude range of the stratosphere?

    <p>12 km to 50 km</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What feature is characteristic of the mesosphere?

    <p>Meteors burn up in this layer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of the ozone layer in the stratosphere?

    <p>To absorb and scatter ultraviolet radiation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main characteristic of the exosphere?

    <p>It is the transition zone between the atmosphere and outer space</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the atmosphere in terms of temperature regulation?

    <p>It traps heat and keeps the planet warm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between altitude and density in the atmosphere?

    <p>Density decreases with altitude</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary composition of the air in the troposphere?

    <p>Mainly nitrogen and oxygen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the temperature gradient in the troposphere?

    <p>Temperature decreases with altitude</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main characteristic of the troposphere?

    <p>Dynamic and vital layer of the atmosphere</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the approximate altitude range of the stratosphere?

    <p>12 km to 50 km above the Earth's surface</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main reason for aircraft flying in the lower stratosphere?

    <p>Minimal turbulence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of weather balloons?

    <p>To gather data on atmospheric conditions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of the ozone layer in the stratosphere?

    <p>Temperature increase with altitude</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of CFCs on the ozone layer?

    <p>They destroy ozone molecules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the thinning of the ozone layer?

    <p>Ozone hole</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of the mesosphere?

    <p>Extremely low air density and the lowest temperatures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of greenhouse gases in the Earth's atmosphere?

    <p>To trap heat and maintain a temperature that can support life</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a greenhouse gas?

    <p>Oxygen (O₂)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of the Earth's surface emitting infrared radiation?

    <p>The atmosphere warms up</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which planet has a thick atmosphere with a high concentration of CO₂?

    <p>Venus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the long-term changes in temperature, precipitation, and other atmospheric conditions?

    <p>Climate change</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main consequence of increased greenhouse gas levels in the atmosphere?

    <p>Warming of the Earth's surface</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary cause of the increase in CO₂ levels in the atmosphere since the industrial revolution?

    <p>Human activities such as burning fossil fuels and deforestation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of using ice core samples, historical climate data, and current atmospheric measurements?

    <p>To differentiate between natural and human-induced changes in greenhouse gas concentrations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the atmosphere in maintaining Earth's temperature?

    <p>To trap heat and keep the planet warm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of the stratosphere that distinguishes it from other layers?

    <p>Temperature increases with altitude</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main reason for the existence of convection currents in the troposphere?

    <p>The warming of the Earth's surface</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the layer of the atmosphere where space shuttles orbit?

    <p>Thermosphere</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the ozone layer in the stratosphere?

    <p>To absorb and scatter ultraviolet radiation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of the exosphere?

    <p>It is a transition zone between the atmosphere and outer space</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of the interaction between the ozone layer and ultraviolet radiation?

    <p>Ultraviolet radiation is scattered and absorbed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main reason for the temperature decrease in the troposphere?

    <p>The increase in altitude</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main characteristic that distinguishes the stratosphere from the troposphere?

    <p>Minimal turbulence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the ozone layer in the stratosphere?

    <p>To absorb harmful ultraviolet (UV) radiation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of the reaction between chlorine atoms from CFCs and ozone molecules?

    <p>The destruction of ozone molecules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the thinning of the ozone layer?

    <p>Ozone hole</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of the mesosphere?

    <p>Extremely low air density</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason why commercial airplanes fly in the lower stratosphere?

    <p>To take advantage of minimal turbulence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of weather balloons?

    <p>To gather data on atmospheric conditions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of the ozone layer on the temperature in the stratosphere?

    <p>It increases the temperature</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the atmosphere?

    <p>To regulate the Earth's temperature</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of the gases in the atmosphere at higher altitudes?

    <p>They become less dense and more spaced out</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary component of the troposphere in terms of mass?

    <p>Water vapor and aerosols</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the layer of the atmosphere that is characterized by a decrease in temperature with altitude?

    <p>Troposphere</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the correct sequence of the atmosphere's layers, from the Earth's surface to space?

    <p>Troposphere, Stratosphere, Mesosphere, Thermosphere, Exosphere</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the approximate percentage of oxygen in the Earth's atmosphere?

    <p>20.95%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of greenhouse gases in the Earth's atmosphere?

    <p>To absorb and re-emit infrared radiation, warming the Earth's surface</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which planet has an extreme greenhouse effect due to its thick atmosphere rich in CO₂?

    <p>Venus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the correct description of the atmosphere's composition?

    <p>A mixture of mostly nitrogen, some oxygen, and a small amount of argon and other trace gases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of the atmosphere at the Earth's surface?

    <p>The gas molecules are more concentrated</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the long-term changes in temperature, precipitation, and other atmospheric conditions?

    <p>Climate Change</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main consequence of increased greenhouse gas levels in the atmosphere?

    <p>An increase in global temperatures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary cause of the increase in CO₂ levels in the atmosphere since the industrial revolution?

    <p>Deforestation and burning of fossil fuels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of using ice core samples, historical climate data, and current atmospheric measurements?

    <p>To track CO₂ levels over thousands of years</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of the Earth's surface emitting infrared radiation?

    <p>The atmosphere absorbs and re-emits the radiation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of the greenhouse effect that makes it essential for life on Earth?

    <p>It warms the planet</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason why meteors burn up in the mesosphere?

    <p>Due to friction and heat</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the impact crater in South Africa that has a diameter of about 300 km?

    <p>Vredefort Crater</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of the thermosphere that affects satellites in Low Earth Orbit?

    <p>Low air density</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process that occurs in the ionosphere?

    <p>Ionization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of the interaction between solar wind particles and the ions in the ionosphere?

    <p>Aurora phenomena</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the layer of the atmosphere that lies beyond the thermosphere?

    <p>Exosphere</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of the mesosphere that distinguishes it from other layers?

    <p>Temperature decreases with altitude</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the ionosphere?

    <p>Radio wave reflection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mechanism that keeps the atmosphere attached to the Earth?

    <p>Gravity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which layer of the atmosphere would you expect to find the highest concentration of aerosols?

    <p>Troposphere</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic that distinguishes the thermosphere from the exosphere?

    <p>Density of gases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason for the decrease in gas molecules with increasing altitude?

    <p>Gravity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following gases is NOT a major component of the atmosphere?

    <p>Helium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of the stratosphere that distinguishes it from the troposphere?

    <p>Temperature increase with altitude</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the layer of the atmosphere where the majority of the atmosphere's mass is located?

    <p>Troposphere</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the approximate percentage of oxygen in the atmosphere?

    <p>20.95%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason for the increase in temperature with altitude in the stratosphere?

    <p>The absorption of ultraviolet radiation by the ozone layer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic that distinguishes the mesosphere from other atmospheric layers?

    <p>The coldest temperatures in the atmosphere</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the atmosphere in terms of sustaining life on Earth?

    <p>Providing essential gases for respiration and photosynthesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of the troposphere that affects weather patterns?

    <p>The constant motion of air</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason for the existence of convection currents in the troposphere?

    <p>The heating of the Earth's surface</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of the thermosphere that affects space shuttles?

    <p>The presence of ionized gases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason for the temperature decrease in the mesosphere?

    <p>The decrease in air density with altitude</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of the exosphere that distinguishes it from other atmospheric layers?

    <p>The transition zone between the atmosphere and outer space</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason why meteors burn up in the mesosphere?

    <p>due to friction and heat caused by compression of air in front of them</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the thermosphere?

    <p>high air pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of the ionosphere?

    <p>to reflect longer wavelength radio waves and absorb ultraviolet and X-ray radiation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the phenomenon of light displays seen near the polar regions?

    <p>Aurora Australis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason why the thermosphere experiences a dramatic increase in temperature?

    <p>due to the absorption of high-energy ultraviolet and X-ray radiation from the Sun</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name given to the rock or particle from space that enters the Earth's atmosphere?

    <p>Meteor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of the mesosphere that allows it to burn up meteors?

    <p>sufficient air density to burn up meteors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the layer of the atmosphere that lies beyond the thermosphere?

    <p>Exosphere</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason for the stability of the stratosphere?

    <p>The minimal turbulence due to the Earth's rotation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the ozone layer in the stratosphere?

    <p>A layer that absorbs ultraviolet radiation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of the ozone layer on the temperature in the stratosphere?

    <p>It causes the temperature to increase with altitude</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary consequence of the depletion of the ozone layer?

    <p>Increased UV radiation on the Earth's surface</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main reason for the thinning of the ozone layer?

    <p>The release of chlorine atoms from CFCs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of the stratosphere that makes it suitable for commercial airplanes?

    <p>Minimal turbulence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of weather balloons in the stratosphere?

    <p>To gather data on atmospheric conditions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of the mesosphere that distinguishes it from other layers?

    <p>The lowest temperatures in the atmosphere</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mechanism by which greenhouse gases warm the Earth's surface?

    <p>By absorbing and re-emitting infrared radiation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main reason why the Earth's atmosphere is capable of supporting life, whereas Mars' atmosphere is not?

    <p>The Earth's atmosphere has a higher concentration of greenhouse gases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary consequence of increased greenhouse gas levels in the Earth's atmosphere?

    <p>An increase in global temperatures and climate change</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of investigating CO₂ levels in ice core samples and historical climate data?

    <p>To differentiate between natural and human-induced changes in greenhouse gas concentrations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of the Earth's atmosphere that distinguishes it from the atmospheres of Venus and Mars?

    <p>A balanced mix of nitrogen, oxygen, and greenhouse gases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary impact of human activities on the Earth's atmosphere since the industrial revolution?

    <p>An increase in the concentration of greenhouse gases, particularly CO₂</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary consequence of melting polar ice due to increased global temperatures?

    <p>A rise in sea levels and flooding of low-lying areas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the long-term changes in temperature, precipitation, and other atmospheric conditions?

    <p>Climate change</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason for the increase in temperature with altitude in the stratosphere?

    <p>The absorption of ultraviolet radiation by the ozone layer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of the thermosphere that allows it to sustain the auroras?

    <p>The presence of ionized gases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason for the decrease in temperature with altitude in the troposphere?

    <p>The convection currents</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of the mesosphere that distinguishes it from the other atmospheric layers?

    <p>The coldest temperatures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the atmosphere in terms of maintaining Earth's temperature?

    <p>To trap heat and maintain a warm temperature</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of the exosphere that distinguishes it from the other atmospheric layers?

    <p>The transition zone between the atmosphere and outer space</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason for the concentration of gas molecules being higher closer to the Earth's surface?

    <p>Gravity attracts gas molecules towards the Earth's surface.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following layers of the atmosphere has the highest density of gases?

    <p>Troposphere</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason for the Earth's atmosphere not being stripped away into space?

    <p>Gravity keeps the atmosphere bound to the Earth.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of the atmosphere that allows it to support life on Earth?

    <p>Its ability to regulate Earth's temperature</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between the concentration of gas molecules and altitude in the atmosphere?

    <p>The concentration of gas molecules decreases with altitude.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the layer of the atmosphere where the majority of the Earth's weather occurs?

    <p>Troposphere</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mechanism by which the Earth's surface is warmed in the greenhouse effect?

    <p>The absorption and re-emission of infrared radiation by greenhouse gases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason for the burning of meteors in the mesosphere?

    <p>Heat generated by compressing air in front of the meteor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary difference between the atmospheres of Venus and Mars?

    <p>The amount of greenhouse gases, particularly CO₂</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of rising global temperatures on polar ice?

    <p>It causes polar ice to melt, leading to sea level rise</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of the thermosphere that affects the temperature experienced by humans?

    <p>Low air density</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the ionosphere in terms of radiation?

    <p>Absorbs harmful radiation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason for the increase in CO₂ levels in the atmosphere since the industrial revolution?

    <p>Human activities, such as burning fossil fuels and deforestation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of using ice core samples, historical climate data, and current atmospheric measurements?

    <p>To investigate the impact of human activities on greenhouse gas levels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of the Vredefort Crater?

    <p>It is the largest impact crater in South Africa</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the long-term changes in temperature, precipitation, and other atmospheric conditions?

    <p>Climate change</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the altitude range of the thermosphere?

    <p>80 km to 600 km or more</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the ionosphere in terms of radio communication?

    <p>Reflects longer wavelength radio waves</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason for the stability of the stratosphere?

    <p>The minimal turbulence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of radiosondes on weather balloons?

    <p>To transmit information on atmospheric conditions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary consequence of the depletion of the ozone layer?

    <p>Increased UV radiation reaching the Earth's surface</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary characteristic of the mesosphere?

    <p>Extremely low air density and the lowest temperatures in the atmosphere</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason for the formation of the ozone layer?

    <p>The reaction between oxygen molecules and UV light</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary effect of CFCs on the ozone layer?

    <p>To catalytically destroy ozone molecules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of the atmosphere surrounding the Earth?

    <p>To regulate the Earth's temperature</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which layer of the atmosphere is characterized by decreasing temperature with altitude?

    <p>Troposphere</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the approximate percentage of oxygen in the Earth's atmosphere?

    <p>20.95%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which layer of the atmosphere merges into outer space?

    <p>Exosphere</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary component of the atmosphere, by percentage?

    <p>Nitrogen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which layer of the atmosphere contains the majority of the atmosphere's mass?

    <p>Troposphere</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What prevents the warmer, moist air from escaping the troposphere?

    <p>The tropopause</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key characteristic of the air in the stratosphere?

    <p>It is less dense than in the troposphere</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of weather balloons?

    <p>To gather data on atmospheric conditions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of the reaction between CFCs and ozone molecules?

    <p>Ozone molecules are destroyed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of the mesosphere?

    <p>It has extremely low air density</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the thinning of the ozone layer?

    <p>Ozone hole</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of greenhouse gases in the Earth's atmosphere?

    <p>To trap and re-emit infrared radiation, warming the planet</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between the atmospheres of Earth and Venus?

    <p>Venus has a thicker atmosphere with more carbon dioxide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of increased levels of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere?

    <p>An increase in global temperatures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of investigating CO₂ levels in ice core samples, historical climate data, and current atmospheric measurements?

    <p>To understand the natural and human-induced changes in greenhouse gas concentrations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of melting polar ice caps due to global warming?

    <p>Rising sea levels and flooding of low-lying areas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe long-term changes in temperature, precipitation, and other atmospheric conditions?

    <p>Climate change</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the ozone layer in the stratosphere?

    <p>It absorbs and scatters ultraviolet radiation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary characteristic of the thermosphere?

    <p>It is the site of auroras and has a high temperature</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main reason for the decrease in air density with altitude?

    <p>The air molecules spread out and become less dense</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the atmosphere in maintaining Earth's temperature?

    <p>It traps heat and keeps the planet warm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of the exosphere that distinguishes it from other layers?

    <p>It is the transition zone between the atmosphere and outer space</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of the interaction between the ozone layer and ultraviolet radiation?

    <p>The ozone layer absorbs and scatters the ultraviolet radiation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason for the burning of meteors in the mesosphere?

    <p>Friction with the air</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of the thermosphere that affects the temperature felt by humans?

    <p>Low air density</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the ionosphere in the thermosphere?

    <p>To absorb UV and X-rays</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the impact crater in South Africa that is nearly visible in complete aerial photographs?

    <p>Vredefort Crater</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the altitude range of the thermosphere?

    <p>From 80 km to 600 km</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the phenomenon that occurs when solar wind particles interact with ions in the ionosphere?

    <p>Aurora</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main characteristic of the thermosphere?

    <p>It is the site of auroras and ionized gases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the atmosphere in terms of temperature regulation?

    <p>To maintain Earth's temperature by trapping heat</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of the mesosphere that distinguishes it from other layers?

    <p>It is the coldest layer of the atmosphere</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of the absorption of ultraviolet radiation by the ozone layer in the stratosphere?

    <p>The temperature increases with altitude</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of the exosphere that distinguishes it from other layers?

    <p>It is the transition zone between the Earth's atmosphere and outer space</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason for convection currents in the troposphere?

    <p>The warming of the Earth's surface</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary characteristic of the stratosphere?

    <p>It is the layer with increasing temperature with altitude</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of weather balloons in the stratosphere?

    <p>To gather data on atmospheric conditions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of CFCs on the ozone layer?

    <p>They catalytically destroy ozone molecules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of the mesosphere?

    <p>It has extremely low air density</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of the ozone layer in the stratosphere?

    <p>It shields the Earth from UV radiation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the thinning of the ozone layer?

    <p>Ozone hole</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason why meteors burn up in the mesosphere?

    <p>Due to friction and heat generated by air compression</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of the thermosphere that affects satellites in Low Earth Orbit?

    <p>Extremely low air density</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name given to a rock or particle from space that enters the Earth's atmosphere?

    <p>Meteor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of the interaction between solar wind particles and the ions in the ionosphere?

    <p>Aurora phenomena</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the temperature range in the thermosphere?

    <p>-90°C to 1500°C</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the layer of the atmosphere that lies beyond the thermosphere?

    <p>Exosphere</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of gravity in relation to the atmosphere?

    <p>To keep the atmosphere close to the Earth</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the layer of the atmosphere where weather occurs?

    <p>Troposphere</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the percentage of oxygen in the atmosphere?

    <p>20.95%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What lies beyond the thermosphere in the atmosphere?

    <p>Outer space</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of the atmosphere in terms of gas molecules?

    <p>Less concentrated as altitude increases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the approximate percentage of trace gases in the atmosphere?

    <p>0.04%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of greenhouse gases in the Earth's atmosphere?

    <p>To absorb and re-emit infrared radiation, warming the Earth's surface</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which planet has a thin atmosphere with very little greenhouse effect?

    <p>Mars</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the increase in the Earth's average surface temperature due to rising levels of greenhouse gases?

    <p>Global warming</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason for the increase in CO₂ levels in the atmosphere since the industrial revolution?

    <p>Deforestation and burning of fossil fuels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main consequence of increased greenhouse gas levels in the atmosphere?

    <p>Rise in sea levels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of using ice core samples, historical climate data, and current atmospheric measurements?

    <p>To investigate the impact of human activities on greenhouse gas levels</p> Signup and view all the answers

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