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Questions and Answers
What percentage coverage is typically considered successful for user systems?
Which category should tasks fall into for user-centered requirements analysis?
During the design phase, what should a designer focus on when creating interface designs?
What is the primary activity during the evaluation phase of user-centered design?
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What does the 'must include' category refer to in user-centered requirements?
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To achieve a 90% coverage in user-centered design, what proportion of tasks and users could potentially be excluded?
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Which decision is usually considered the most difficult in user-centered requirements analysis?
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What is a key requirement for developing good task descriptions?
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Why is it important for the task description to flow through all aspects of the task?
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Which rule emphasizes the importance of naming actual users in task descriptions?
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What should good task descriptions identify alongside typical expected users?
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What is the purpose of validating the task descriptions with end users or their representatives?
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What type of data should task descriptions provide for system requirements?
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Why should task descriptions not include interface mechanics?
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What is one potential drawback of making task descriptions unnecessarily broad?
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What is the primary focus of task-centered system design (TCSD)?
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Which is NOT one of the four phases of task-centered system design (TCSD)?
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What is the purpose of Phase I in the TCSD process?
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What method is NOT used for discovering tasks in Phase 1?
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What is a key characteristic of good task descriptions in TCSD?
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Which approach is NOT part of discovering the tasks that users do?
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What should the list produced in Phase I reflect?
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Which of the following is an approach for validating task descriptions?
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Study Notes
Introduction to Task-Centered System Design (TCSD)
- TCSD was introduced by Clayton Lewis and John Rieman in 1993
- TCSD aims to make systems usable by focusing on real-world user tasks
Phases of TCSD
- Divided into 4 distinct phases:
- Identification: Identifying users and their tasks
- User-Centered Requirement Analysis: Deciding which users and tasks to include
- Design Through Scenarios: Generating design possibilities based on user tasks
- Evaluate Via Task-Centered Walk-Throughs: Evaluating the design by simulating user task scenarios
Phase I: Identification
- Goal: Produce a list of representative users and their tasks to ensure broad system coverage.
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Steps:
- Discovering the Tasks: Observe real users, conduct interviews, leverage end-user representatives, and incorporate internal beliefs.
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Developing Good Task Descriptions: Write task descriptions adhering to 5 rules:
- Focus on what users want to achieve rather than how they achieve it.
- Be specific about user inputs and desired outputs.
- Describe a complete task from beginning to end.
- Reflect the real interests and information of the users.
- Ensure task descriptions represent a broad range of users and task types.
- Validating the Tasks: Get feedback from end users or representatives to confirm the accuracy of the task descriptions.
Phase II: User-Centered Requirement Analysis
- Goal: Determine which users and tasks will be covered by the system
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User Type Inclusion:
- Must Include: Critical users and tasks.
- Should Include If Possible: Users and tasks that enhance the system's value.
- Could Include: Users and tasks that are less essential but may be considered.
- Exclude: Users and tasks that are not within the system's scope.
- Task Inclusion: Follows a similar process to user type inclusion, balancing essential, desirable, and optional tasks.
Phase III: Design Through Scenarios
- Goal: Generate interface design possibilities that support user tasks.
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Approach:
- Each task description forms a scenario, with a user, a goal, and expected actions.
- Design features should be interconnected to facilitate task completion.
- Consider how information flows within the design to support the user's workflow.
Phase IV: Evaluate Via Task-Centered Walk-Throughs
- Goal: Evaluate the design by simulating real user interactions.
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Approach:
- Choose a scenario and walk through it step by step.
- Simulate the user's actions and decisions.
- Identify any usability issues or areas for improvement based on the walk-through.
- Refine the design based on the evaluation findings.
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Description
This quiz covers the fundamentals of Task-Centered System Design (TCSD), introduced by Clayton Lewis and John Rieman. Explore the four distinct phases of TCSD, including identification of users, requirement analysis, scenario-based design, and evaluation methods. Test your understanding of how TCSD enhances system usability by focusing on user tasks.