Introduction to Science

Learning about Science

• Science is the study of phenomena and events in nature
• Scientists ask questions about nature and try to find answers
• Scientific knowledge is built through systematic studies, which involve observation, experimentation and analysis
• People are curious about things around them and ask questions when they don't understand something
• Examples of science-related questions: "Why is the sky blue?", "How does hail form?" and "What causes food spoilage?"
• Scientific knowledge is based on evidence. Scientists use experiments to test ideas and gain evidence.
• Scientific knowledge is subject to change. New evidence can lead to revised scientific ideas.

Nature of Science

• Scientists accept an idea only when supported by evidence.
• Experiments are one method used to collect evidence
• Aristotle believed heavier objects fall faster than lighter objects.
• Galileo's experiments, however, proved Aristotle's idea to be false.
• Science is based on evidence

Scientific Knowledge Limitations

• Scientific knowledge is limited. Not every question can be answered using scientific knowledge.
• Scientific knowledge is based on evidence, but it isn't always possible to answer every question using existing methods.
• Questions about personal values and ethics (e.g., is nuclear power good?), cannot be answered using scientific methods alone.

Application and Impact of Science

• Scientific discoveries and inventions improve our understanding of the natural world.
• Scientific discoveries and inventions improve the quality of life
• Developments in technology stem from scientific knowledge.
• Improvements in technology have led to discoveries, like the microscope, which allowed scientists to understand microorganisms; and led to the invention of new medicines.

Application and Impact of Science (Examples)

• Inventions such as light bulbs, smartphones, and vaccines are examples of technology derived from scientific knowledge
• Scientists developed ways to preserve foods through refrigeration
• Scientists discovered microorganisms as the cause for food spoilage, leading to developing ways to prevent food spoilage
• Modern life depends on scientific knowledge found in the natural world

Development of Technology

• Biotechnology: Used to develop food products like bread and cheese, and medical products such as vaccines
• Nanotechnology: Improved textiles by making them lightweight, waterproof, and stain-resistant
• Wireless communication technology: Faster communication is possible through the development of various technologies that use microwaves
• Robotic technology: Improved efficiency in manufacturing and other areas through the invention of robots
• Scientists have designed many useful products and inventions to improve quality of life

Applying Knowledge to Solve Daily Life Problems

• Science, technology, and mathematics skills are often used together to solve problems
• Techniques were applied to fight COVID-19, involving scientific understanding of the coronavirus, the development of technology like machines for rapid detection, and mathematical analysis of infection trends.

Two Sides of Science

• Scientific applications can bring great benefits, but misuse can also cause problems
• Plastic is an example where the positive benefit is offset by overuse that causes waste.
• Technology such as nuclear power, while beneficial when used appropriately, can also result in catastrophic incidents if not managed correctly.
• Development of drugs are highly beneficial, but their misuse can have a significant adverse effect on health and safety

This quiz explores the fundamental concepts of science, including how scientific knowledge is developed through observation, experimentation, and analysis. It highlights the importance of asking questions about the natural world and using evidence to support scientific claims. Join the quiz to test your understanding of the nature of science!