Podcast
Questions and Answers
Normal/abnormal refer to ____ while adaptive/maladaptive refer to ____
Normal/abnormal refer to ____ while adaptive/maladaptive refer to ____
Which conception of psychopathology involves determining psychopathology only by involuntary behavior?
Which conception of psychopathology involves determining psychopathology only by involuntary behavior?
Which conception of psychopathology involves creation of a taxonomy?
Which conception of psychopathology involves creation of a taxonomy?
Which conception of psychopathology involves determining psychopathology by measuring deviance from the norm?
Which conception of psychopathology involves determining psychopathology by measuring deviance from the norm?
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Which is a major difference between the social deviance vs. statistical abnormality conceptualizations of psychopathology?
Which is a major difference between the social deviance vs. statistical abnormality conceptualizations of psychopathology?
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Which conception of psychopathology involves in a way based upon evolution?
Which conception of psychopathology involves in a way based upon evolution?
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The notion that development consists of a set of interrelated domains that exert transactional effects refers to:
The notion that development consists of a set of interrelated domains that exert transactional effects refers to:
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The dynamics transactions that occur among developing systems cuts across developmental systems and affects the course of development refers to:
The dynamics transactions that occur among developing systems cuts across developmental systems and affects the course of development refers to:
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Multifinality refers to:
Multifinality refers to:
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Which of the following is FALSE about developmental psychopathology?
Which of the following is FALSE about developmental psychopathology?
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Comorbidity refers to:
Comorbidity refers to:
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With development, children's behavior becomes more flexible with increased organization and differentiation refers to:
With development, children's behavior becomes more flexible with increased organization and differentiation refers to:
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Earlier, more undifferentiated forms of behavior become hierarchically integrated into later forms of behavior refers to:
Earlier, more undifferentiated forms of behavior become hierarchically integrated into later forms of behavior refers to:
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The notion that children are active shapers of their environment and not passive recipients of experience refers to:
The notion that children are active shapers of their environment and not passive recipients of experience refers to:
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Which neuroimaging approach involves measuring changes in magnetic field properties due to oxygenated versus deoxygenated blood?
Which neuroimaging approach involves measuring changes in magnetic field properties due to oxygenated versus deoxygenated blood?
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The proportion of the variability in psychological symptoms or traits that can be attributed to genetic variability refers to:
The proportion of the variability in psychological symptoms or traits that can be attributed to genetic variability refers to:
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This neurotransmitter is especially involved in reward and reinforcement, motor function, and cognition and attention.
This neurotransmitter is especially involved in reward and reinforcement, motor function, and cognition and attention.
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This neurotransmitter is involved in attention and memory
This neurotransmitter is involved in attention and memory
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Which neuroimaging approach involves radioactively labeled substances being introduced into the bloodstream, where they are taken up into the brain?
Which neuroimaging approach involves radioactively labeled substances being introduced into the bloodstream, where they are taken up into the brain?
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Which part of the brain is important in emotion processing?
Which part of the brain is important in emotion processing?
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This neurotransmitter is associated with behavioral and emotional regulation
This neurotransmitter is associated with behavioral and emotional regulation
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This neurotransmitter is the primary excitatory neurotransmitter in the adult brain
This neurotransmitter is the primary excitatory neurotransmitter in the adult brain
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This neurotransmitter is involved in the flight or fight response
This neurotransmitter is involved in the flight or fight response
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This refers to a cluster or group of co-occurring symptoms that represents a cultural pattern of distress.
This refers to a cluster or group of co-occurring symptoms that represents a cultural pattern of distress.
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This involves an explanatory model of distress focused on specific causal factors rather than on a core of symptoms or experiences.
This involves an explanatory model of distress focused on specific causal factors rather than on a core of symptoms or experiences.
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Which of the following was NOT one of the Collaborative Psychiatric Epidemiology Surveys?
Which of the following was NOT one of the Collaborative Psychiatric Epidemiology Surveys?
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Which disorder or phenomenon involves trembling, attacks of crying, screaming uncontrollably, and verbal or physical aggression?
Which disorder or phenomenon involves trembling, attacks of crying, screaming uncontrollably, and verbal or physical aggression?
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Which disorder or phenomenon involves criticism, hostility, and emotional involvement?
Which disorder or phenomenon involves criticism, hostility, and emotional involvement?
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This refers to ways of talking about suffering that are not associated with a core set of syndromes or causes.
This refers to ways of talking about suffering that are not associated with a core set of syndromes or causes.
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Which is true about misdiagnosis of antisocial personality disorder?
Which is true about misdiagnosis of antisocial personality disorder?
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This is when a test item has different measurement properties for different groups.
This is when a test item has different measurement properties for different groups.
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Men are more likely to ____ while women are more likely to ____
Men are more likely to ____ while women are more likely to ____
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This occurs when masculine or feminine persons are more likely to endorse an item
This occurs when masculine or feminine persons are more likely to endorse an item
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Generally speaking, when are clinicians more accurate in making a diagnosis?
Generally speaking, when are clinicians more accurate in making a diagnosis?
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Which is true about misdiagnosis of schizophrenia?
Which is true about misdiagnosis of schizophrenia?
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What is the primary distinction between the DSM and ICD?
What is the primary distinction between the DSM and ICD?
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What is the current focus of the DSM 5?
What is the current focus of the DSM 5?
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What type of information is excluded from the DSM-IV-TR?
What type of information is excluded from the DSM-IV-TR?
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What is the current version of the DSM?
What is the current version of the DSM?
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Using a less-efffective therapy as a control condition is an example of what type of control?
Using a less-efffective therapy as a control condition is an example of what type of control?
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Which type of research investigates variables such as therapist behaviors and interactions with the client?
Which type of research investigates variables such as therapist behaviors and interactions with the client?
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Which is not true about a waiting list control?
Which is not true about a waiting list control?
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What is a major difference between probably efficacious and efficacious ESTs?
What is a major difference between probably efficacious and efficacious ESTs?
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What term refers to comparing effectiveness of a therapy to other published measures?
What term refers to comparing effectiveness of a therapy to other published measures?
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Study Notes
Introduction to Psychopathology
- Normal/abnormal behavior distinguishes adaptive from maladaptive functioning
- Two key factors in determining 'normal' versus 'abnormal' are statistical deviance and the effectiveness of functioning.
Conceptions of Psychopathology
- Harmful dysfunction involves a breakdown in function (dysfunction) that is considered harmful.
- Social deviance involves behaviors or traits that violate societal norms.
- Statistical deviance measures behavior relative to the norm, determining whether it falls outside the range of typical behaviors.
- Dyscontrol or dysregulation reflects a problem with self-regulation, not conforming to expected standards of function.
- DSM/ICD systems create taxonomies for different psychological disorders.
Distinguishing Social Deviance vs. Statistical Deviance
- Social deviance relies on cultural rules in evaluating psychopathology, while statistical deviance uses tests and measures to identify abnormalities.
- Social deviance is considered objective, while statistical deviance is subjective.
- Social deviance considers dysfunction, while statistical deviance assesses function.
Developmental Psychopathology
- Developmental psychopathology stresses the transactional processes between a child and the environment.
- Multifinality refers to multiple pathways leading to a single outcome
- Equifinality refers to multiple pathways leading to the same outcome.
- The co-existence of multiple disorders, known as comorbidity, is common in developmental psychopathology
- Developmental Psychopathology seeks to understand diverse nature through integration of multiple levels of analyses
Measurement in Psychopathology
- Diagnosticians focus on reliability and validity in their analyses
- Heritability refers to the proportion of variability in a trait that can be attributed to genetic factors.
- Neurotransmitters play important roles in brain function, affecting behavior and emotions
- Common Neurotransmitters include Glutamate, Acetylcholine, Serotonin, Epinephrine and Dopamine.
- Different neuroimaging techniques measure brain activity and function. Examples include fMRI, EEG, and PET
Cultural Considerations in Psychopathology
- Cultural syndromes are clusters of co-occurring symptoms that reflect a particular cultural pattern in how various cultures understand distress
- Cultural idioms of distress describe ways of experiencing and communicating distress within a specific culture.
Comorbidity and Misdiagnosis
- Comorbidity refers to the simultaneous presence of two or more disorders in an individual.
- Gender bias and cultural factors can influence the accuracy of diagnoses.
DSM and ICD
- DSM-5 is an American manual used most frequently by psychiatrists.
- ICD is an international manual of mental health diagnoses.
- Both systems serve as reference guides for evaluating and classifying mental health disorders.
Research Methods in Psychopathology
- Waiting list controls, alternative treatment controls and placebo controls are common methods for evaluating interventions
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Description
Test your understanding of key concepts in psychopathology, including normal versus abnormal behavior and the distinction between harmful dysfunction and social deviance. This quiz covers the definitions and classifications used in the DSM and ICD systems as well. Challenge yourself on the principles that guide this complex field of study.
