Questions and Answers
What are the major components of a computer system?
CPU, Memory (RAM and ROM), BIOS, Primary Storage, Secondary Storage, Input Devices, Output Devices, Software
Which of the following are types of computer software? (Select all that apply)
The _____ is known as the brain of the computer.
CPU
ROM stands for Read Only Memory.
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What does BIOS stand for?
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What type of storage is categorized as 'Primary Storage'?
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Name two types of input devices.
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Study Notes
Introduction to Programming Fundamentals
- Understanding programming is essential for developing software and interacting with hardware efficiently.
Computer System
- A computer system consists of hardware and software components that work together to execute programs and process data.
Major Components of Computer System
- Includes computer hardware, which refers to physical devices, and computer software, which consists of programs and applications.
Computer Hardware
- Refers to the tangible parts of a computer system that enables it to function, including components like the CPU, memory, and input/output devices.
The Central Processing Unit (CPU)
- Often considered the brain of the computer, the CPU executes instructions from programs and processes data. It performs arithmetic, logic, control, and input/output operations.
Memory (RAM - Random Access Memory)
- Volatile memory that temporarily stores data and program instructions that the CPU needs while performing tasks.
Memory (ROM - Read Only Memory)
- Non-volatile memory that retains data even when the computer is turned off; crucial for storing firmware and system boot instructions.
BIOS (Basic Input/Output System)
- A firmware interface that initializes and tests hardware components during the boot process; essential for loading the operating system.
Primary Storage
- Refers to memory areas like RAM and ROM that provide fast access to data and instructions for active tasks.
Secondary Storage
- Non-volatile storage, such as hard drives and SSDs, used for long-term data retention and to store programs and files.
Input Devices
- Hardware tools like keyboards and mice that allow users to input data and commands into the computer system.
Output Devices
- Hardware like monitors and printers that display or produce the results of processed data from the computer.
Computer Software
- Divided into two main categories: system software, which manages hardware resources, and application software, which performs specific user-oriented tasks.
System Software
- Includes operating systems and utility programs that facilitate hardware management and user interfacing.
Application Software
- Programs designed to help users perform specific tasks, such as word processing, web browsing, or gaming.
3 Major Operations of Hardware and Software
- Hardware and software work together to perform key operations: input (data entry), processing (data manipulation), and output (result display or action execution).
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Description
Test your knowledge on the basics of programming and computer systems. This quiz covers key concepts including hardware components, the CPU, memory types, and software classifications. Perfect for beginners looking to understand how computers work.
