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Questions and Answers
What does philosophy mean?
Love of wisdom
What is the study of ethics concerned with?
Values in human behavior and moral problems
Which of the following questions does philosophy help to address in education? (Select all that apply)
What is epistemology the study of?
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One of the key concepts of philosophy is __________.
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Match the following branches of philosophy with their focus areas:
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What is the primary focus of mathematics in the sciences?
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Inductivism asserts that theories should derive from observable facts.
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Hypothetico-deductivism suggests that all facts are observable.
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What does the research of Charles Lyell relate to?
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Study Notes
The Meaning of Philosophy
- Philosophy is the love of wisdom.
- It is derived from the Greek words "philo" (love) and "sophos" (wisdom).
Why We Need Philosophy?
- Helps educators reflect on key issues and concepts in education, such as what is being educated, the good life, knowledge, learning, and teaching.
- Philosophers think about the meaning of things and interpret that meaning.
Branches of Philosophy
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Metaphysics: Focused on the nature of reality, asking what is real.
- Ontology: Examines the nature of existence.
- Cosmology: Studies the origin and organization of the universe.
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Epistemology: Investigates the nature of knowledge.
- Logic is a key aspect, with two types:
- Deductive: General to specific reasoning.
- Inductive: Specific facts to generalization.
- Logic is a key aspect, with two types:
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Axiology/Ethics: Explores the nature of values.
- Ethics: Examines moral values and human conduct.
- Aesthetics: Examines values related to beauty, nature, and aesthetic experiences.
The Sciences
- A variety of sciences exist, including:
- Mathematics: Focuses on theorems and axioms.
- Physics: Deals with measurement.
- Biology: Studies structure and function.
- Psychology: Examines human behavior and cognition.
- Social Science: Analyzes social structures and relationships.
Key Concepts:
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Science is based on facts:
- Inductivism: This approach suggests that there are uniform laws governing the universe that are discoverable through observation.
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Hypothetico-deductivism: Rejects the idea that facts are always readily observable and proposes that scientific knowledge is built on theories that are confirmed rather than definitively proven.
- The work of Charles Lyell, Darwinism, and creationism all provide examples of this approach.
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Observational data:
- Scientists gather data through observation and experimentation.
- This data can be analyzed and interpreted to build knowledge.
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Description
Explore the fundamental concepts of philosophy, including its definition, branches, and significance in education. Delve into metaphysics, epistemology, and ethics to understand how philosophy shapes our perceptions of reality and knowledge.
