Introduction to Pathology: Disease Concepts and Mechanisms
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Questions and Answers

What is the concept of disease?

  • A consequence of failing to maintain equilibrium within the body (correct)
  • A condition resulting from visible structural changes only
  • An abnormality that doesn't affect health
  • An ailment caused by external factors

    • What do diseases have according to the pathologist definition?

  • Causes and Mechanisms (correct)
  • Symptoms experienced by the Physician
  • Visible structural changes only
  • Aetiology only

    • What may diseases result in according to the text?

  • Structural changes visible to the naked eye (correct)
  • Structural changes invisible to the naked eye
  • Signs experienced by the Patient
  • Symptoms visible to the Physician

    • How is disease defined in terms of clinical manifestation?

    <p>As a condition represented by signs and symptoms of an underlying abnormality</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the origin of the word 'disease' according to the text?

    <p>'Dis' from French meaning from, and 'ease' meaning ease</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is homeostasis in the context of disease?

    <p>A concept of equilibrium within the body despite environmental changes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are some general categories of aetiological agents?

    <p>Genetic abnormalities and infective agents</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe diseases caused by a combination of factors?

    <p>Multifactorial diseases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used for diseases with an unknown cause?

    <p>Idiopathic diseases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens if the adaptive response to the cause of a disease is 100% successful?

    <p>Homeostasis is maintained</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the extrinsic cause in the example of lobar pneumonia mentioned in the text?

    <p>Streptococcus pneumoniae bacterium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of changes can result from the acute inflammatory response in lobar pneumonia?

    <p>Functional and structural changes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What term is used to describe the mechanism causing a disease?

    <p>Pathogenesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following describes the secondary, systemic, or remote consequences of a disease?

    <p>Complications and sequelae</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the process of conversion from active disease to quiescence?

    <p>Remission</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary agent responsible for initiating subsequent events resulting in a patient's illness called?

    <p>Pathogens</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following refers to the anticipated course of the disease in terms of cure, remission, or fate of the patient?

    <p>Prognosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the re-appearance of disease signs and symptoms after a period of quiescence?

    <p>Relapse</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the net effect of the mechanisms mentioned on heart muscle cells?

    <p>Deplete glycogen and produce acidosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which subdivision of pathology focuses on the study of disorders of the cellular and coagulable components of blood?

    <p>Haematology</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does histopathology primarily involve?

    <p>Diagnosing diseases from tissue examination</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which subdivision of pathology studies the effects of known or suspected poisons?

    <p>Toxicology</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the major purpose of immunology in the field of pathology?

    <p>Investigating defense mechanisms of the body</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which subdivision of pathology deals with the study and diagnosis of diseases based on chemical changes in tissues and fluids?

    <p>Chemical pathology</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What technique uses antibodies linked to enzymes to visualize substances in tissue sections or cell preparations?

    <p>Histochemistry</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which technique extends the range of pathology to study disorders at an organelle level and demonstrate viruses in tissue samples?

    <p>Electron Microscopy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the focus of biochemical techniques applied to the body's tissues and fluids?

    <p>Monitoring fluid and electrolyte homeostasis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which field of study focuses on diseases caused by bacteria, fungi, viruses, and parasites?

    <p>Medical Microbiology</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which technique involves the diagnosis and study of blood disorders?

    <p>Hematological Techniques</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key advantage of cell cultures for research purposes?

    <p>Ease of cellular environment monitoring</p> Signup and view all the answers

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