30 Questions
What is the concept of disease?
A consequence of failing to maintain equilibrium within the body
What do diseases have according to the pathologist definition?
Causes and Mechanisms
What may diseases result in according to the text?
Structural changes visible to the naked eye
How is disease defined in terms of clinical manifestation?
As a condition represented by signs and symptoms of an underlying abnormality
What is the origin of the word 'disease' according to the text?
'Dis' from French meaning from, and 'ease' meaning ease
What is homeostasis in the context of disease?
A concept of equilibrium within the body despite environmental changes
What are some general categories of aetiological agents?
Genetic abnormalities and infective agents
What is the term used to describe diseases caused by a combination of factors?
Multifactorial diseases
What is the term used for diseases with an unknown cause?
Idiopathic diseases
What happens if the adaptive response to the cause of a disease is 100% successful?
Homeostasis is maintained
What is the extrinsic cause in the example of lobar pneumonia mentioned in the text?
Streptococcus pneumoniae bacterium
What type of changes can result from the acute inflammatory response in lobar pneumonia?
Functional and structural changes
What term is used to describe the mechanism causing a disease?
Pathogenesis
Which of the following describes the secondary, systemic, or remote consequences of a disease?
Complications and sequelae
What is the term for the process of conversion from active disease to quiescence?
Remission
What is the primary agent responsible for initiating subsequent events resulting in a patient's illness called?
Pathogens
Which of the following refers to the anticipated course of the disease in terms of cure, remission, or fate of the patient?
Prognosis
What is the term for the re-appearance of disease signs and symptoms after a period of quiescence?
Relapse
What is the net effect of the mechanisms mentioned on heart muscle cells?
Deplete glycogen and produce acidosis
Which subdivision of pathology focuses on the study of disorders of the cellular and coagulable components of blood?
Haematology
What does histopathology primarily involve?
Diagnosing diseases from tissue examination
Which subdivision of pathology studies the effects of known or suspected poisons?
Toxicology
What is the major purpose of immunology in the field of pathology?
Investigating defense mechanisms of the body
Which subdivision of pathology deals with the study and diagnosis of diseases based on chemical changes in tissues and fluids?
Chemical pathology
What technique uses antibodies linked to enzymes to visualize substances in tissue sections or cell preparations?
Histochemistry
Which technique extends the range of pathology to study disorders at an organelle level and demonstrate viruses in tissue samples?
Electron Microscopy
What is the focus of biochemical techniques applied to the body's tissues and fluids?
Monitoring fluid and electrolyte homeostasis
Which field of study focuses on diseases caused by bacteria, fungi, viruses, and parasites?
Medical Microbiology
Which technique involves the diagnosis and study of blood disorders?
Hematological Techniques
What is a key advantage of cell cultures for research purposes?
Ease of cellular environment monitoring
This quiz covers the basic concepts of disease including definition, causes, and mechanisms. Topics include cellular homeostasis, aetiology, pathogenesis, and common disease mechanisms. Taught by Prof.Dr.Dr.med.Paul Poku Ossei Sampene, a consultant pathologist and lecturer at KATH/KNUST School of Medical Sciences.
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