Introduction to Microbiology Practical Manual
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Questions and Answers

Which type of bacteria does Escherichia sp. belong to?

  • Gram positive
  • Filamentous fungi
  • Budding yeast
  • Gram negative (correct)

    • What type of stain is used for Aspergillus sp. when examining the cells?

  • Methylene blue
  • Safranin
  • Crystal violet
  • Lactophenol blue (correct)

    • Which of these characteristics best describes Streptomyces sp.?

  • Filamentous, branched structures (correct)
  • Single, oval cells
  • Curved rod structure
  • Rod-shaped single cells

    • What is the initial action for preparing the microscope for observation?

    <p>Lower the stage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the magnification provided by the eyepiece of the microscope?

    <p>10x</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How should the culture smear be positioned on the slide?

    <p>On the upper side of the slide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of morphology does Bacillus sp. exhibit?

    <p>Rod-shaped chains</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be done after switching on the microscope during setup?

    <p>Lower the stage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is defined as presenting someone else's work as your own without acknowledgment?

    <p>Plagiarism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT an example of plagiarism?

    <p>Using properly cited quotes in an assignment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can be a consequence of being caught plagiarizing?

    <p>Course failure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When might a lecturer consider a situation as misuse of sources rather than plagiarism?

    <p>When attempted acknowledgment is inadequate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an important practice students must follow when working in groups on assignments?

    <p>Acknowledge co-workers’ contributions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does not directly relate to a major infringement of academic values?

    <p>Writing answers in your own words</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What tools may the School and University use to detect plagiarism?

    <p>Detection software</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How should students approach writing answers to questions to avoid plagiarism?

    <p>Write in their own words</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which best describes the primary aim of the laboratory program for MIC60104?

    <p>To illustrate and reinforce basic techniques in handling and observing microorganisms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What skill involves proper laboratory practices and the ability to work under supervision?

    <p>Working effectively as part of a small team</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a major objective of the MIC60104 laboratory program?

    <p>Performing advanced genomic analysis of microorganisms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which procedure ensures the safe handling of microorganisms in the lab?

    <p>Aseptic technique</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many hours of class time does the practical component of MIC60104 occupy per semester?

    <p>12 hours</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the successful completion of the laboratory program enable you to do with experimental data?

    <p>Present the data in appropriate graphical or tabular format</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement correctly represents a requirement of attendance for MIC60104 laboratory sessions?

    <p>Attendance at all laboratory sessions is compulsory</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What critical understanding will you develop related to microorganisms during the practical sessions?

    <p>Fundamental identification of microorganisms through biochemical tests</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the sub-stage condenser in a microscope?

    <p>To concentrate light on the object being viewed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the iris diaphragm in a microscope?

    <p>To regulate the width of the light beam entering the condenser</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How should the microscope be properly carried?

    <p>With both hands, one on the arm and the other under its base</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most important reason to clean the optical system before and after using a microscope?

    <p>To ensure clear visibility and avoid oil contamination</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be done if the wrong objective lens is lowered into oil during oil immersion usage?

    <p>Clean it immediately with Kimwipe paper</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which lens is specifically designed for use with oil immersion?

    <p>The oil immersion (x100) lens</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should you do with the variable light control after completing work with the microscope?

    <p>Set it to minimum to prolong the lifespan of the halogen bulb</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which microorganism is characterized by grape-like clusters?

    <p>Staphylococcus sp.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of adjusting the iris diaphragm when using a microscope?

    <p>To provide adequate illumination of the field.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which adjustment should be made before switching to a higher objective lens?

    <p>Lock the pre-focusing lever to maintain focus.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When using the 100x objective lens, what is essential to do before switching from the 40x lens?

    <p>Place a drop of oil on the specimen.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characteristic does phase contrast microscopy enhance in specimens?

    <p>Refractive indices to improve clarity and contrast.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the appropriate action if the light intensity is too bright when using a microscope?

    <p>Turn the voltage control dial to decrease intensity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main benefit of using oil immersion microscopy?

    <p>It improves resolution and clarity at high magnifications.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What preparation technique is particularly suited for phase contrast microscopy?

    <p>Unstained wet preparations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which lens requires the skilled use of fine focus adjustment only, after placing it into position?

    <p>100x lens.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of heat fixing a bacterial smear?

    <p>To enhance the adhesion of cells to the slide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following describes the primary difference between a fixed smear and a wet mount?

    <p>A fixed smear uses heat fixing; a wet mount suspends specimen in liquid.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be avoided to prevent damaging the cells during heat fixing?

    <p>Overheating the glass slide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of microscopy is described as using a special ring or designation, such as Ph 1 or Ph 2, for objective lenses?

    <p>Phase contrast microscopy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the importance of using a thin layer during the microbial smear preparation?

    <p>To allow for uniform staining and easy observation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When preparing a fixed smear, what is the role of the permanent marker on the slide?

    <p>To draw circles for specimen placement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What factor is crucial in preparing a wet mount to observe live cells?

    <p>The addition of a coverslip to minimize air exposure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement is true about the cellular morphology assessment using different microscopy methods?

    <p>Dark field microscopy enhances clarity for assessing internal structures.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Introduction to Microbiology Practical Manual (MIC60104)

    • Course code: MIC60104
    • Semester: September 2024
    • Practical manual for Introduction to Microbiology course

    Koch's Postulates

    • Bacteria are often found with other organisms in a community.
    • A pure culture of a specific species is necessary to identify it, especially disease-causing bacteria.
    • Koch's postulates are a set of criteria to identify pathogenic organisms.
      • Isolating a pure culture of the suspected organism.
      • The organism must be present in every case of the disease.
      • The organism can be isolated from a previously healthy, infected animal.
    • Importance of pure cultures in microbiological studies

    Laboratory Component and Assessment

    • The lab program illustrates and reinforces important aspects of handling and observing microorganisms.
    • Students will be able to work independently and in teams.
    • Perform procedures according to protocols.
    • Present experimental data.
    • Prepare scientific reports.
    • Identify microbial structures and microscopy.
    • Importance of aseptic techniques in culturing, handling, and observing microorganisms.
    • Practical component: 12 hours.
    • Attendance is mandatory.
    • Laboratory assessments:
      • Worksheets: 20%
      • Final practical examination: 20%
    • Late submission of worksheets will incur a 2% penalty per day.
    • Lack of attendance at a practical will result in a zero score unless a medical certificate is submitted.
    • Proper safety procedures to be followed in the lab:
      • Safety equipment, lab coats, safety glasses, proper disposal of materials and equipment are necessary for proper laboratory safety and hygiene.

    Laboratory Safety Rules

    • Complete the safety declaration and guideline.
    • Understand the occupational health and safety rules and procedures.
    • Maintain health, safety, and environmental considerations during lab work.
    • Safety equipment will be provided.
    • Follow all instructions and protocols for safe execution of each practical.
    • Be aware of and avoid exposure to hazards.
    • Report all accidents and near-miss incidents.
    • Avoid food/drink consumption in the lab.
    • Practice proper hygiene and safety measures to maintain a sterile work area.

    Laboratory Procedures (Practical 1 - 4)

    • Practical 1: Microscopy and staining techniques.
    • Practical 2: Microbial culturing techniques. Aseptic techniques (sterilization), inoculation of cultures, and culturing techniques.
    • Practical 3: Microbial analysis and testing techniques: antibiotic susceptibility test, rapid biochemical tests (oxidase, catalase, coagulase).
    • Practical 4: Quantification of microbial concentration through viable cell counts and total cell counts.

    Microbiology: Other Aspects

    • Plagiarism:
    • Students are responsible for properly citing sources.
    • Penalty for plagiarism can be severe, including expulsion.
    • Good Science Practices: Group work, discussions, acknowledgement, and proper usage of source material
    • General Safety: Proper equipment handling, lab procedures, waste disposal, safety concerns.
    • Other Procedures: Lab preparation (lab coats, footwear, safety equipment ), Specific lab procedures like smear preparation, lab cleaning, disposal.

    Microorganism types and characteristics

    • Different microbes have unique cellular arrangements and characteristics that can be observed using various techniques.

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    Related Documents

    Taylor's University Introduction to Microbiology Practical Manual PDF 2024

    Description

    This quiz covers the key concepts from the Introduction to Microbiology practical manual, focusing on Koch's postulates and the importance of pure cultures. Students will learn about isolating organisms, laboratory procedures, and data presentation relevant to microbiological studies. Prepare to apply your knowledge of handling and observing microorganisms effectively.

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