Introduction to Medical Terminology
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Questions and Answers

What does the suffix 'algia' indicate in medical terminology?

  • Enlargement
  • Pain (correct)
  • Weakness
  • Dissolution
  • What is the meaning of the prefix 'spleno' in medical terms?

  • Inflammation of the spleen
  • Enlargement of the spleen (correct)
  • Weakness of the spleen
  • Cancer of the spleen
  • Which of the following suffixes indicates a process of loosening or dissolution?

  • Paresis
  • Oid
  • Lysis (correct)
  • Megaly
  • Which term refers specifically to inflammation of the heart?

    <p>Carditis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the prefix 'hepat' signify in medical terminology?

    <p>Liver</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What medical condition does 'ascites' represent?

    <p>Accumulation of fluid in the abdomen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term represents the condition of slight paralysis?

    <p>Paresis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the suffix 'penia' indicate?

    <p>Decreased quantity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does 'gastro' refer to in medical terms?

    <p>Stomach</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which suffix suggests that an agent causes cancer?

    <p>Carcinogen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    First Year Modules

    • First term modules cover foundational topics in medicine:
      • Principles of studying medicine
      • Cell biology and function, integrating biochemistry and physiology
      • Anatomy and histology focusing on microscopic and macroscopic structures
      • Emphasis on patient-physician professionalism and ethics
    • Second term modules include:
      • Infection and immunity, focusing on microbiology and parasitology
      • Mechanisms and principles of therapy, addressing pathology and pharmacology
      • History and physical examination of patients

    Medical Disciplines

    • Medical Physiology: Examines how the human body functions.
    • Biochemistry: Investigates chemical processes and metabolism in the body.
    • Anatomy: Studies the structure of the human body.
    • Histology: Microscopic analysis of tissues and organs through sectioning and staining.
    • Pathology: Focuses on diseased organs, tissues, and cells.
    • Pharmacology: Studies the effects of drugs (natural and synthetic) on biological systems.
    • Parasitology: Explores parasitic organisms and vectors that cause disease.
    • Medical Microbiology and Immunology: Investigates microorganisms and the immune response.

    Anatomy of a Medical Term

    • Prefix: Added to the beginning of a word, altering its meaning.
    • Root: Essential component providing the core meaning.
    • Suffix: Added to the end of the word, further defining the term.
    • Combining Vowel: Typically an “O,” used to ease pronunciation (e.g., gastr/o/enteritis).

    Prefixes Indicating Degree

    • Hypo: Indicates decrease or below (e.g., hypothyroidism).
    • Hyper: Indicates increase or above.

    Common Medical Terms

    • Carcin: Cancer
    • Cyst: Fluid-filled sac
    • Cyte: Cell
    • Erythro: Red
    • Glyco: Sugar
    • Angio: Vessel
    • Arthro: Joint
    • Additional terms include chondro (cartilage), colo (colon), and derma (skin).

    Prefixes for Common Conditions

    • Inter: Between (e.g., interdigital)
    • Ante: Before (e.g., ante-natal)
    • An: Without (e.g., anemia)
    • Dys: Abnormal or painful (e.g., dysphagia – painful swallowing)
    • Brady: Slow (e.g., bradycardia)
    • Tachy: Fast (e.g., tachycardia)

    Numerical Prefixes

    • Mono/Uni: One (e.g., unicellular)
    • Bi: Two
    • Tri: Three
    • Quadri: Four (e.g., quadriplegia)
    • Penta: Five
    • Hexa: Six

    Positioning Prefixes

    • Pre: Before (e.g., pre-operative)
    • Post: After (e.g., postoperative)
    • Epi: Above (e.g., epigastric region)
    • Sub: Below (e.g., sub-costal artery)
    • Hypo: Below (e.g., hypoglycemic)
    • Nepro: Kidney (e.g., nephritis)
    • Hepato: Liver (e.g., hepatomegaly)
    • Cardio: Heart (e.g., cardiomegaly)
    • Gastro: Stomach (e.g., gastritis)

    Common Suffixes

    • Algia: Pain (e.g., myalgia = muscle pain)
    • Itis: Inflammation (e.g., nephritis)
    • Ectomy: Excision/surgical removal (e.g., gastrectomy)
    • Megaly: Enlargement (e.g., cardiomegaly)
    • Gen: Producing/causal agent (e.g., carcinogen)

    Understanding Medical Language

    • Mastering prefixes and suffixes provides insight into medical terms and their meanings, facilitating effective communication in a clinical setting.

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    Description

    This quiz covers the foundational modules for first-year medical students, including principles of studying medicine, cell biology, anatomy, and patient professionalism. It is designed to help students familiarize themselves with key medical concepts and terminology. Perfect for any aspiring healthcare professional.

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