Introduction to Matter, Elements, and Atoms

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Questions and Answers

What is the charge of a neutron?

Neutral (correct)

In the middle

Negative

Positive

What happens when an isotope becomes unstable?

It becomes heavier

It gives off energy and becomes radiation (correct)

It gains more protons

It combines with another atom

What is the result of an ionic bond between two atoms?

Both atoms become electrically neutral

Both atoms become negatively charged

One atom becomes positively charged and the other becomes negatively charged (correct)

Both atoms become positively charged

Which type of bonding involves two atoms sharing electrons?

Covalent bonding Signup and view all the answers

What is the main energy source for the human body?

Carbohydrates Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of ATP in cells?

Energy source Signup and view all the answers

Which type of compounds contain both carbon and hydrogen?

Organic compounds Signup and view all the answers

What is the pH range for strong acids?

0-3 Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the hydrogen ions in acids?

They are gained Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes a molecule?

Same elements bonded together Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of lipids in the body?

Energy storage and transport Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes organic compounds from inorganic compounds?

The presence of carbon and hydrogen Signup and view all the answers

What is the charge of an electron?

Negative Signup and view all the answers

What happens to an isotope with a different number of neutrons?

It becomes radioactive Signup and view all the answers

In ionic bonding, what charge does the atom that receives an electron develop?

Positive Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between catabolism and anabolism?

Catabolism breaks down complex compounds into simpler ones, while anabolism builds complex compounds from simpler ones. Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of proteins in the body?

Building muscle and storing vitamins Signup and view all the answers

How would you differentiate between acids and bases based on their pH levels?

Acids have a pH less than 7, while bases have a pH greater than 7. Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes covalent bonds from ionic bonds?

Covalent bonds involve the sharing of electrons, while ionic bonds involve the transfer of electrons. Signup and view all the answers

Which compound serves as the body's main energy source?

Glucose Signup and view all the answers

What role do ions play in acids and bases?

Acids gain hydrogen ions, while bases lose hydrogen ions. Signup and view all the answers

What type of compound is characterized by having both carbon and hydrogen?

Organic compound Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Atomic Structure

A neutron has no charge.
An electron has a negative charge.

Isotopes and Radioactivity

When an isotope becomes unstable, it undergoes radioactive decay to become stable.
Isotopes with different numbers of neutrons have different properties.

Chemical Bonding

An ionic bond forms between two atoms when one atom loses an electron and the other gains it.
A covalent bond forms when two atoms share electrons.

Biology and Energy

The main energy source for the human body is glucose.
ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate) is the energy currency for cells.
It stores energy in the form of phosphate bonds, which are broken down to release energy.

Compounds and pH Levels

Organic compounds contain carbon and hydrogen.
Strong acids have a pH range of 0-1.
In acids, hydrogen ions (H+) are present.
A molecule is characterized by a group of atoms bonded together.

Ions and Bonding

In ionic bonding, the atom that receives an electron develops a negative charge (anion).
The atom that loses an electron develops a positive charge (cation).

Metabolism

Catabolism is the breakdown of molecules to release energy, while anabolism is the synthesis of molecules to store energy.
Proteins perform a variety of functions in the body, including enzyme catalysis, transport, and structure.

Acids and Bases

Acids have a pH level below 7, while bases have a pH level above 7.
Ions play a crucial role in acids and bases, with hydrogen ions (H+) present in acids and hydroxide ions (OH-) present in bases.

Organic Compounds

Compounds containing carbon and hydrogen are characteristic of organic compounds, which distinguish them from inorganic compounds.

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Description

This quiz provides an introductory understanding of matter, elements, and atoms. It covers the concepts of matter taking up space, elements, compounds, protons, neutrons, electrons, and their roles in the structure of atoms.