Introduction to Kinesiology
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following best defines kinesiology?

  • The study of human movement or motion (correct)
  • The study of the nervous system
  • The study of bones and joints
  • The study of the cardiovascular system

    • Anatomic kinesiology focuses solely on the skeletal system.

    False (B)

    What is structural kinesiology concerned with in relation to muscles?

    Structural kinesiology is concerned with the involvement of muscles in the science of movement.

    More than ______ muscles are found in the average human body.

    <p>600</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following terms related to biomechanics with their correct definition:

    <p>Kinematics = Study of the description of motion, including space and time Kinetics = Study of the action of forces Biomechanics = The study of the action of forces on particles and mechanical systems Mechanics = Branch of physics that analyzes forces on particles and mechanical systems</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following professionals might benefit from a strong understanding of kinesiology?

    <p>Physical Therapists (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Understanding kinesiology is only valuable for treating injuries and has no impact on improving physical conditioning.

    <p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is understanding kinesiology important for coaches and trainers?

    <p>To understand how to strengthen, improve, and maintain muscle groups. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a type of arthrokinematic motion?

    <p>Rotation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The fundamental position is identical to the anatomical position.

    <p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the directional term that refers to being 'above in relation to another structure'?

    <p>superior</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The term _______ refers to the back or posterior part.

    <p>dorsal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following directional terms with their definitions:

    <p>Contralateral = Pertaining to the opposite side Ipsilateral = On the same side Bilateral = Relating to both the right and left sides Distal = Situated away from the center or midline</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the anatomical term for lying face downward?

    <p>Prone (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The term 'cephalic' refers to the neck region.

    <p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the front part of the body?

    <p>anterior</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The term relating to the palm of the hand is called ________.

    <p>palmar</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is part of the axial region of the body?

    <p>Trunk (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The ankle is proximal to the knee.

    <p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the definition of 'superficial' in anatomical terms?

    <p>near the surface</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The sternum is located on the _________ side of the body.

    <p>anterior</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term describes something above & toward midline?

    <p>Superomedial (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following body regions with theirs parts

    <p>Cephalic = Cranium &amp; Face Upper Limb = Shoulder, arm, forearm, &amp; manual Lower Limb = Thigh, leg, &amp; pedal Trunk = Thoracic (Thorax), Dorsal (Back), Abdominal (Abdomen), &amp; Pelvic (Pelvis)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Flashcards

    Kinesiology

    The study of motion or human movement.

    Anatomic Kinesiology

    Study of the human musculoskeletal & musculotendinous systems.

    Structural Kinesiology

    Study of muscles involved in the science of movement.

    Muscle Variation

    Muscles differ in size, shape, and structure throughout the body.

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    Biomechanics

    Branch of physics analyzing forces on mechanical systems and particles.

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    Kinematics

    The study of the description of motion, considering space and time.

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    Kinetics

    The study of the action of forces.

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    Relevance of Kinesiology

    Understanding muscle groups for training and conditioning.

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    Osteokinematics

    Gross movements of bones at joints, such as flexion/extension and abduction/adduction.

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    Arthrokinematics

    Small amplitude motions of bones at joint surfaces, including roll, glide, and spin.

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    Anatomical Position

    Standard position with body standing upright, facing forward, feet parallel, and palms facing forward.

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    Fundamental Position

    Similar to anatomical position, but arms are at the sides with palms facing body.

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    Anterior

    Refers to the front part of the body.

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    Posterior

    Refers to the back part of the body.

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    Superior

    Position above another structure; also known as cephalad.

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    Inferior

    Position below another structure; also known as caudal.

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    Proximal

    Closer to the trunk or point of origin of a structure.

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    Distal

    Farther from the trunk or point of origin of a structure.

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    Ipsilateral

    Relating to the same side of the body.

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    Contralateral

    Relating to the opposite side of the body.

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    Deep

    Beneath or below the surface, referring to internal structures.

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    Superficial

    Near the surface of the body.

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    Prone Position

    Body lying face downward, stomach facing the ground.

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    Study Notes

    Introduction to Kinesiology

    • Kinesiology is the science of human movement
    • It applies evidence-based research to improve human function, health, and wellness
    • This research is used in all settings and populations

    Kinesiology & Body Mechanics

    • Kinesiology is the study of motion or human movement
    • Anatomical kinesiology studies the musculoskeletal and musculotendinous systems
    • Structural kinesiology studies how muscles function in movement
    • Skeletal and muscular structures are involved in movement
    • Bones have various sizes and shapes, affecting joint movement

    Types of Muscle

    • More than 600 muscles are found in the human body
    • Muscles vary in size, shape, and structure throughout the body
    • There are three types of muscle: cardiac, skeletal, and smooth

    Who Needs Kinesiology?

    • Anatomists, coaches, strength and conditioning specialists, personal trainers, nurses, physical educators, physical therapists, physicians, athletic trainers, massage therapists, and others in health-related fields need kinesiology

    Why Kinesiology?

    • Kinesiology requires a thorough understanding of large muscle groups to help others improve their strength and maintain body function
    • Professionals should understand the "why" behind exercises, not just how to perform them, particularly in athletic conditioning and training
    • Kinesiology allows physical educators to understand and improve physical conditioning through skill analysis

    Biomechanics

    • Mechanics is the branch of physics that analyzes how forces affect particles and mechanical systems
    • Biomechanics is a specialization of mechanics used with living organisms (specifically humans)

    Subdivisions of Biomechanics

    • Statics - study of bodies at rest
    • Dynamics - study of bodies in motion
    • Kinematics - study of the description of motion, including space and time factors
    • Osteokinematics - the gross movement of bones at joints (e.g., flexion/extension, abduction/adduction, internal/external rotation)
    • Kinetics - study of the action of forces
    • Arthrokinematics - the small-scale movements at joint surfaces (e.g., roll, glide/slide, spin)

    Reference Positions

    • Anatomical position is a common, accurate reference point for describing joint movements
    • A person is standing upright, with feet parallel and close together, and facing forward, with palms forward
    • Fundamental position is similar to anatomical position, except the arms are at the side, and palms face the body.

    Basic Terminologies

    • Anterior - front
    • Posterior - back
    • Medial - middle
    • Lateral - side
    • Superior/Cephalad - above
    • Inferior/Caudal - below
    • Proximal - closer to the trunk/origin
    • Distal - farther from the trunk/origin

    Anatomical Directional Terminology

    • Anterolateral, Posteromedial, Anteromedial, Posterosuperior, Anteroposterior are various combinations of other terminology

    Anatomical directional terminology (other terms)

    • Contralateral - opposite side
    • Ipsilateral - same side
    • Bilateral - both sides
    • Inferior/Infra - below
    • Superior/supra - above
    • Deep - beneath the surface
    • Superficial - near the surface

    Anatomical directional terminology (additional terms)

    • Caudal - below
    • Cephalic - above
    • Prone - face downwards
    • Supine - face upwards
    • Dorsal - back side of the body
    • Ventral - front side of the body
    • Palmar - relating to palm of the hand or sole of the foot
    • Plantar - relating to sole or undersurface of the foot

    Body Surface

    • Various anatomical parts and regions in the body and their positions

    Body Regions

    • Axial - Cephalic (Head), Cranium & Face, Cervical (Neck), Thoracic (Thorax), Dorsal (Back), Abdominal (Abdomen), & Pelvic (Pelvis)
    • Appendicular - Upper Limbs, Shoulder , arm, forearm, & manual, Lower Limbs, thigh, leg, & pedal

    Skeletal System

    • The adult skeleton has 206 bones, and 80 bones are part of the axial skeleton, while 126 bones belong to the appendicular skeleton
    • Skeletal functions include protection, support, movement, mineral storage, and blood cell formation.

    Types of Bones

    • Long bones (e.g., humerus, femur, fibula)
    • Short bones (e.g., carpals, tarsals)
    • Flat bones (e.g., skull, sternum, scapulae)
    • Irregular bones (e.g., vertebrae, pelvis, ethmoid, ear ossicles)
    • Sesamoid bones (e.g., patella, pisiform)

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    Description

    Explore the science of human movement through this quiz on kinesiology. Learn about body mechanics, types of muscles, and how kinesiology applies to various professions. This quiz is designed for students and professionals interested in improving health and wellness through movement.

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