Introduction to Industrial Chemistry Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the difference between batch processes and continuous processes?

  • Batch processes are used for high-value products, while continuous processes are used for low-value products.
  • Batch processes produce goods out of raw materials, while continuous processes deal with services.
  • Batch processes can produce multiple products, while continuous processes produce only one product. (correct)
  • Batch processes require a system of organized labor, while continuous processes do not.

    • Which type of chemicals are produced in large quantities and immediately from their predecessor?

  • Specialty chemicals
  • Basic organic chemicals
  • Commodity chemicals (correct)
  • Basic inorganic chemicals

    • What are some examples of basic inorganic chemicals?

  • Nitrogen and oxygen (correct)
  • Ethylene and propylene
  • Pigments and agrochemicals
  • Methane and ethane

    • What is the primary use of sulfuric acid in industrial chemistry?

    <p>Production of fertilizers and polymers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do specialty chemicals typically have in common?

    <p>They are high-valued products produced in low quantities.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of detergents in industrial chemistry?

    <p>To remove stain from paper</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main focus of fine chemicals?

    <p>Purity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of the global market is for specialty chemicals?

    <p>18%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does alkylation refer to?

    <p>Binding of alkyl group to various compounds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of size enlargement (agglomeration)?

    <p>To increase particle size</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What refers to the physical treatment of materials to make them chemically more reactive or suitable for market?

    <p>Unit operations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do chemical processes consist of?

    <p>At least one processing unit</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the law that processes must follow with regard to mass and energy conservation?

    <p>Law of conservation of mass and energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which profession is in charge of large scale productions?

    <p>Chemical engineers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Dehydrogenation' is an industry term that refers to which process?

    <p>Removal of hydrogen from a substance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of liquid-liquid (solvent extraction)?

    <p>Separation of liquids from inert liquids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of polymerization involves the free radical polymerization?

    <p>Free radical polymerization and alkylation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Chemical Processes

    • Batch processes involve discontinuous production in a series of distinct batches, whereas continuous processes involve continuous production in a single, uninterrupted process.

    Inorganic Chemicals

    • Basic inorganic chemicals are produced in large quantities and immediately from their predecessors.
    • Examples of basic inorganic chemicals include sulfuric acid, chlorine, and sodium hydroxide.

    Sulfuric Acid

    • The primary use of sulfuric acid in industrial chemistry is in the production of fertilizers, detergents, and other chemicals.

    Specialty Chemicals

    • Specialty chemicals typically have high performance, high value, and low volume in common.
    • They are used in a wide range of applications, including construction, electronics, and healthcare.

    Detergents

    • The main function of detergents in industrial chemistry is to remove dirt, grime, and other substances from surfaces.

    Fine Chemicals

    • The main focus of fine chemicals is on the production of high-purity, high-performance chemicals for pharmaceutical, biotechnology, and other specialized applications.

    Global Market

    • Specialty chemicals account for around 28% of the global market.

    Alkylation

    • Alkylation refers to the transfer of an alkyl group from one molecule to another, resulting in the formation of a new compound.

    Size Enlargement (Agglomeration)

    • The purpose of size enlargement (agglomeration) is to increase the size of particles or materials to make them more manageable or to improve their performance.

    Physical Treatment

    • Physical treatment refers to the processing of materials to make them chemically more reactive or suitable for market, such as by crushing, grinding, or separating.

    Chemical Processes

    • Chemical processes consist of a series of physical and chemical transformations that convert raw materials into desired products.

    Mass and Energy Conservation

    • All chemical processes must follow the law of mass and energy conservation, which states that matter cannot be created or destroyed, only converted from one form to another.

    Large-Scale Productions

    • Chemical engineers are responsible for the design, operation, and management of large-scale productions.

    Dehydrogenation

    • Dehydrogenation refers to the removal of hydrogen from a molecule, often resulting in the formation of a new compound.

    Liquid-Liquid Extraction

    • Liquid-liquid extraction, also known as solvent extraction, is a process used to separate and purify chemicals based on their solubility in different solvents.

    Polymerization

    • Free radical polymerization is a type of polymerization that involves the reaction of monomers to form a polymer chain, often resulting in the formation of plastics, adhesives, and other materials.

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    Description

    Test your knowledge of the basics of industrial chemistry, including the transformation of raw materials into useful products, the concept of industry, manufacturing, and commodity chemicals.

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