Introduction to Immunology Definitions Quiz

The process by which living organisms recognize, respond and interact with foreign antigens to protect against infection and disease.

Any substance capable of producing an immune response.

Non-specific/Natural/Inborn Immunity and Specific/Acquired/Adaptive Immunity.

Cellular response and humoral response.

The body produces specific antibodies that unite with the antigen to neutralize it.

Prevent invasion of microorganisms, destroy invaded organisms, and eliminate tumor cells.

Endocrine problems, mental illness, nervousness, sleep deprivation

Vitamins A, C, Folic acid, and B vitamins boost the immune system. Deficiencies of these weaken the immune system.

Psychoneuroimmunology

Physical barriers such as skin, mucous membranes, cilia of respiratory tract, ear wax, normal flora of skin, and acidic pH of stomach and other body cavities and fluids.

Monocytes, neutrophils, and eosinophils. Monocytes are large cells with a lobulated nucleus and vacuolated, finely granular cytoplasm. Neutrophils have a morphology and are part of the granulocytic series. Eosinophils consist of large red granules in cytoplasm with Wright's stain and are part of the granulocytic series morphology.

Exercise strengthens the immune system.

Too much or too little stress weakens the immune system.

Increased susceptibility in young children (few specific antibodies) and elderly (body processes slow).

Injured tissues produce localized or systemic inflammatory reactions, which act as an activator of other immune processes.

Basophils consist of <2% circulating WBCs, have large blue/black staining granules in the cytoplasm, and contain histamine in their granules.

Natural immunity involves non-specific defense mechanisms like granulocytes and monocytes, while acquired immunity involves the production of specific antibodies by lymphocytes.

Antibodies are produced in cellular response by lymphocytes and in humoral response by 5 classes specific antibodies.

The immune system functions to prevent invasion of microorganisms, destroy invaded organisms, and eliminate tumor cells.

Genetics and the recognition of different substances as foreign by each species affect non-specific immunity.

The spleen and liver filter the foreign antigens that enter the bloodstream during non-specific immunity.

An antigen is any substance capable of producing an immune response by initiating the body's immune system.

Endocrine problems, mental illness, nervousness, sleep deprivation

Large cells with a lobulated nucleus and vacuolated, finely granular cytoplasm. They function in chemotaxis and phagocytosis.

Neutrophils are large cells with a lobulated nucleus and vacuolated, finely granular cytoplasm. They are increased in bacterial infections and are part of the granulocytic series morphology.

Eosinophils are active in allergic, fungal, and parasitic reactions. They consist of large red granules in the cytoplasm with Wright's stain.

Exercise strengthens the immune system, as mentioned in the text.

Too much or too little stress weakens the immune system, as indicated in the text.

Physical barriers (skin, mucous membranes, cilia, ear wax), normal flora of skin, acid pH of stomach and body cavities, and vascular response.

Psychoneuroimmunology is a new field of medicine that studies this relationship.

Increased susceptibility in young children due to few specific antibodies and in the elderly due to slowed body processes.

Some vitamins boost the immune system, while deficiencies weaken it.