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Questions and Answers
What is the difference between data and information?
What is the difference between data and information?
Which technology was used in first-generation computers?
Which technology was used in first-generation computers?
What was a key feature of third-generation computers?
What was a key feature of third-generation computers?
What distinguishes fourth-generation computers from previous generations?
What distinguishes fourth-generation computers from previous generations?
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What future technology is anticipated for fifth-generation computers?
What future technology is anticipated for fifth-generation computers?
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Study Notes
Introduction to Application of Information and Communication Technology (CS-143)
- Course: Application of Information and Communication Technology (CS-143)
- Lecture: 02
- Instructor: Sajiya Tariq
Lecture Outline
- Data vs. Information
- Generations of Computer
Data vs. Information
- Data: Raw, unorganized facts. Can be text, graphics, audio, or video.
- Information: Data that has been processed into a meaningful form.
- Information Processing: Converting data into information.
Computers Then and Now
First Generation (1946-1957)
- Enormous computers powered by vacuum tubes.
- Used a large amount of electricity, generating significant heat.
- Examples: ENIAC and UNIVAC.
Second Generation (1958-1963)
- Used transistors.
- Computers were smaller, more powerful, cheaper, more energy-efficient, and more reliable.
- Used punch cards and magnetic tape for input and storage.
Third Generation (1964-1970)
- Used integrated circuits (ICs).
- Hard drives were used for storage.
- Keyboards and monitors became commonplace.
Fourth Generation (1971-present)
- Used microprocessors.
- Examples: IBM PC, Apple Macintosh.
- Used keyboards, mice, monitors, and printers.
- Employed magnetic disks, flash memory, and optical disks for storage.
- Computer networks, wireless technologies, and the Internet were introduced.
Fifth Generation (now and the future)
- Still in its infancy stage.
- Possibly based on artificial intelligence (AI).
- Potentially using voice and touch input.
- May be based on optical computers and utilize nanotechnology.
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Description
This quiz covers the essential concepts from Lecture 02 of the Application of Information and Communication Technology course (CS-143). It focuses on the differences between data and information, as well as the various generations of computers. Test your understanding of these foundational topics in ICT.
