Introduction to HTML

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following best describes the primary function of HTML?

  • To define the visual style of web pages using CSS.
  • To establish the server-side operations of a web application.
  • To manage the interactive behavior of a web page using JavaScript.
  • To structure the content and create the foundation of web pages. (correct)

What distinguishes an empty HTML element from other elements?

  • It is not displayed on the page but processes operations silently.
  • It is an element that contains a large amount of content.
  • It only has a starting tag to define its presence. (correct)
  • It contains both a start and end tag.

Which of the following is the correct way to represent a space in HTML content?

  • ␣
  •   (correct)
  • &space;
  • &spc;

In the standard nesting of HTML elements, which is considered the root element?

<html> (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is indicated by the <!DOCTYPE html> declaration at the beginning of an HTML document?

<p>It dictates the HTML version being used by the document. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement accurately describes how HTML attributes are specified within an element?

<p>Attributes are always specified in the start tag of an element. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which attribute is primarily used within the <a> tag to define the destination URL of a hyperlink?

<p>href (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of these descriptions best fits the behaviour of HTML attributes?

<p>They are used to include data about the HTML elements, for example links destination or element style. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the <body> tag within an HTML document?

<p>To contain the document's main content visible to the user. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do block-level elements differ from inline elements in terms of page layout?

<p>Block-level elements always start on a new line, while inline elements do not. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Considering typical HTML element usage, which of the following tags defines a paragraph?

<p> (C) Signup and view all the answers

What represents an HTML element in its complete structure?

<p>Everything between the start and end tag, including the content (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which HTML tags are used to define different levels of headings in a document?

<h1> to <h6> (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which set of tags would allow you to create a basic, visible paragraph in HTML?

<p>`` (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If you saw &amp; in an HTML document, what would this translate to when rendered?

<p>An ampersand '&amp;' (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the <blockquote> tag in HTML?

<p>To define a section of quoted text from another source. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What attribute is used within the <img> tag to define the visual dimensions of the image?

<p>width and height (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which tag would be most appropriate to delineate a main content area or section of an HTML document?

<div> (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which element is typically used to create hyperlinks that allow users to navigate to different web pages?

<p><a> (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following HTML elements is considered an inline element by default?

<p><span> (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

HTML elements can be nested, but they must be of the same type.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

All HTML elements must include both a start tag and end tag.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The <head> tag is used to display content visible to the user.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The <!DOCTYPE html> declaration is optional in HTML documents.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

HTML is a programming language.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

HTML elements can only contain text content.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The &nbsp; character in HTML represents a non-breakable space.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The <html> tag is a child element of the <body> tag.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The only way to add additional information to existing HTML elements is by adding additional tags.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The &lt; character represents a 'less than' symbol when rendered by a browser.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

All HTML attributes must be specified in a start tag with a name and a value, that is separated by an underscore.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The <a> tag's link attribute is used to specify the URL of the linked page.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A block-level element does not start on a new line, but takes up only as much width as necessary.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The <span> element is an example of a block-level element.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In HTML, <h6> defines the most important heading whereas <h1> defines the least important.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The <p> tag can be used to define both paragraphs as well as quoted sections.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The <a> tag may include an attribute that specifies a visual description of the content when the link is clicked.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

HTML attributes are optional values that provide supplementary information about HTML elements.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The tag is designed to create paragraphs of text where as the tag creates a thematic break on the page.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Both the width and height attributes can be used with the <a> tag, and they specify the width and height of the linked page.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

HTML

A markup language used to structure and format web pages. It uses tags to define elements like headings, paragraphs, and links, allowing browsers to display web content correctly.

Web Browsers

Programs that interpret HTML code and display web pages, rendering the content according to the defined elements.

HTML Document

A document written in HTML, defining the structure and content of a webpage. It typically includes elements like headings, paragraphs, lists, and images.

HTML Element

A fundamental building block in HTML, defining a specific part of a webpage. It is enclosed within opening and closing tags, indicating its purpose and content.

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Nested HTML Elements

Elements within HTML documents can be nested inside one another, forming a hierarchical structure. This allows for complex arrangements and organization of content.

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HTML Heading

An HTML element that defines a heading on a webpage. There are six levels of headings, with <h1> being the largest and <h6> being the smallest.

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HTML Paragraph

An HTML element representing a block of text. It is used for normal paragraphs, often separated by line breaks.

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HTML Quotation

An HTML element used for quoting text or content from another source. It often highlights cited material and provides attribution.

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HTML Link

An HTML element that creates a link to another website or resource. It normally contains text that, when clicked, takes the user to the specified destination.

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HTML Phrase Elements

Elements in HTML that modify or group text, such as <b> for bold, <i> for italic, and <span> for styling.

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What are HTML attributes?

HTML attributes are extra information about an element, provided within the start tag.

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Where are HTML attributes placed?

Attributes are written in the start tag of an element, like this: <p class="intro">.

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How are HTML attributes structured?

HTML attributes are used in name-value pairs, like name="value".

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What does the href attribute do in a link?

The href attribute in the <a> tag specifies the URL the link points to.

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What is a paragraph element in HTML?

The <p> tag creates a paragraph in an HTML document, and it is considered a block-level element.

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What is a block-level element in HTML?

A block-level element always starts on a new line and takes up the full width of its container. Examples include <p>, <div>, and <h1>.

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What is an inline element in HTML?

An inline element sits within the flow of text and only takes up as much space as needed. Examples include <span>, , and .

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What is the purpose of the <div> element?

The <div> tag is a container element used to group other elements and add structure to a webpage.

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What are HTML headings for?

HTML headings are titles or subtitles on a webpage, created using the <h1> to <h6> tags. <h1> is the most important heading, and <h6> the least.

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What is the purpose of the <q> element?

The <q> tag defines a quotation block, typically used for text quoted from another source.

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What is markup language?

A language that uses tags to define the structure and content of a document. It's used to create web pages.

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What is a web browser?

A web browser is a program that interprets HTML code and displays web pages.

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What is an HTML document?

A file that uses HTML to define the structure and content of a web page.

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What is an HTML element?

A building block of HTML, defined by a start tag, content, and an end tag.

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What are nested HTML elements?

One element can be placed inside another, creating a hierarchical structure within the HTML document.

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What are empty elements?

HTML elements with no content, like the element.

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How are elements defined?

A tag that indicates the start of an element, followed by its content, and an end tag.

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What are HTML headings?

Elements that define headings on a webpage, ranging from <h1> (largest) to <h6> (smallest).

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What is an HTML paragraph?

An element that creates a paragraph of text on a page.

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What is a block-level element?

A block-level element always starts on a new line and takes up the full width of its container. Examples include <p>, <div>, and <h1>.

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What is an inline element?

An inline element sits within the flow of text and only takes up as much space as needed. Examples include <span>, , and .

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What is a paragraph element?

The <p> tag creates a paragraph in an HTML document, and it is considered a block-level element.

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What does the href attribute do?

The href attribute in the <a> tag specifies the URL the link points to, determining where the user will be taken when they click on the link.

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Study Notes

Introduction to HTML

  • HTML stands for HyperText Markup Language
  • It's the standard markup language for creating web pages
  • HTML describes the structure of a web page
  • HTML consists of a series of elements
  • These elements tell the browser how to display the content

HTML Documents

  • All HTML documents must start with a document type declaration: <!DOCTYPE html>
  • The HTML document itself begins with <html> and ends with </html>
  • The visible part of the HTML document is between <body> and </body>

What is an HTML Element?

  • An HTML element is defined by a start tag, some content, and an end tag
  • Example: <tagname> Content goes here... </tagname>
  • The HTML element is everything from the start tag to the end tag

Nested HTML Elements

  • HTML elements can be nested (elements can contain other elements)
  • All HTML documents consist of nested HTML elements

HTML Attributes

  • HTML attributes provide additional information about HTML elements
  • Attributes are always specified in the start tag
  • Attributes usually come in name/value pairs (like: name="value")
  • The <a> tag defines a hyperlink
  • The href attribute specifies the URL of the page the link goes to

HTML Attributes (Examples)

  • Absolute link: Link to other websites (e.g., <a href="https://www.yahoo.com">Yahoo</a>)
  • Relative link: Link to pages on your own site, relative to the current page (e.g., <a href="index.html">Home</a>)
  • Email links: For email addresses (e.g., <a href="mailto:[email protected]">email address</a>)
  • Phone number links: For phone numbers (e.g., <a href="tel:+15551234567">phone number</a>)

HTML Line Break Element

  • Standalone tag, called a void element in HTML5
  • Causes the next element or text to display on a new line ( <br> )

HTML Horizontal Rule Element

  • Void element.
  • Configures a horizontal line on the page
  • Used to indicate a thematic break (<hr>)

HTML Headings

  • HTML headings are titles or subtitles (<h1> to <h6>)
  • <h1> defines the most important heading
  • <h6> defines the least important heading

HTML Paragraphs

  • HTML paragraphs are defined with the <p> tag

HTML
Element

  • Defines a section quoted from another source.
  • Browsers usually indent
    elements

HTML Phrase Elements

  • Indicate context and meaning of text
  • Common elements: <b>, <strong>, <i>, <em>

HTML Lists

  • Allow grouping related items
  • Types:
    • Unordered (<ul>, <li>)
    • Ordered (<ol>, <li>)
    • Description (<dl>, <dt>, <dd>)

HTML Div Element

  • Used as a container for other elements
  • By default, a block element

Structural Elements

  • Used to structure web pages logically
  • Elements: <header>, <nav>, <main>, <footer>

HTML Tables

  • Used to arrange data in rows and columns
  • Basic structure: <table>, <tr>, <td>

HTML Table Enhancements (e.g. colspans, rowspans)

  • colspan: Spans a cell over multiple columns
  • rowspan: Spans a cell over multiple rows

Enhance Tables using <thead>, <tbody>, <tfoot>

  • Useful for organizing long tables
  • Add structure for headers and footers;
    • : For table headers
    • : For table body (data rows)
    • : For table footers (e.g., totals or summaries).

Creating Valid HTML

  • Valid HTML helps ensure consistent browser display
  • Use tools like the W3C HTML Validation Tool or other HTML5 validation tools to check your code for syntax errors
  • Correct syntax and structure for predictable rendering.

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