Introduction to HTML Basics

Study Notes

Introduction to HTML

HTML stands for HyperText Markup Language, which is the standard language for creating web pages.
It describes the structure of a webpage using elements or tags to manage the content and layout.

HTML Document

An HTML document begins with a declaration (<!DOCTYPE html>) and follows a structure with <html>, <head>, and <body> tags.
The <head> section includes meta-information and links to stylesheets or scripts, while the <body> contains the actual content displayed on the page.

HTML Basics

HTML uses tags to define elements, with most appearing in pairs (opening and closing).
Common tags include <p> for paragraphs, <div> for divisions, and <span> for inline elements.

Headings

HTML defines six levels of headings using <h1> to <h6>, with <h1> being the most important and <h6> the least.

Form

Forms in HTML use the <form> tag to collect user inputs, facilitating the submission of data.
Important form elements include <input>, <textarea>, <select>, and <button>.

HTML Table

Tables are created using the <table> tag and consist of rows (<tr>) and cells (<td> for data and <th> for headers).
Tables are helpful in organizing and presenting data in a structured format.

HTML Structure

The basic structure of an HTML document includes a doctype declaration, <html>, <head>, and <body> elements.

Image

Images are embedded using the <img> tag, wherein the src attribute specifies the image's source file.
Additional attributes include alt for alternative text and width or height for sizing.

List

HTML supports ordered (<ol>) and unordered lists (<ul>), with list items defined using the <li> tag.

Span

The <span> tag is an inline container used to mark a part of text or a document for styling purposes without disrupting the flow.

Navigation menus are typically created using lists to provide links to various sections of a webpage, enhancing user accessibility.

Forms

Forms can have a variety of input types, such as text, checkbox, radio, and dropdowns to collect diverse types of user data.

Multimedia and Graphics

HTML allows integration of multimedia elements like audio (<audio>) and video (<video>), enriching user experience and engagement.

Fundamentals of Cascading Style Sheets (CSS)

CSS is used to style and layout web pages, providing control over the appearance of HTML elements.

Connecting CSS to HTML

CSS is linked within the HTML document using the <link> tag in the <head> section, or by using <style> tags or inline styling.

CSS Syntax

CSS uses selectors to target HTML elements, properties to define styles, and values to set those properties.

Styling and Formatting

Common styling properties include color, font-size, margin, padding, and border settings, which can all be applied to design elements of a webpage.

The Box Model

The box model represents the structure of elements in CSS, encompassing margins, borders, padding, and the content area.
Understanding the box model is crucial for achieving precise layouts.

Border Color

border-color property specifies the color of an element's border, allowing for customized presentation.

Border Style

The border-style property determines the type of border (solid, dashed, dotted, etc.) around an element.

Border Width

The border-width property allows the specification of the thickness of an element's border.

A Responsive Website

Responsive web design ensures that webpages function well on various devices and screen sizes through flexible layouts.

CSS Grid Layout

CSS Grid Layout facilitates the creation of dynamic grid structures for organizing content on a webpage.

Media Query

Media queries allow CSS to apply styles based on device characteristics, ensuring responsive design and layout adjustments for different screen sizes.

Responsive Image

Responsive images adjust to fit the size of the device screen using CSS properties like width: 100%; height: auto;.

Responsive Video

Similarly, responsive videos scale with device size by applying CSS rules for width and height, ensuring visibility across devices.

Description

This quiz covers the foundational aspects of HTML, including the structure of an HTML document, headings, links, forms, and tables. It is designed for beginners looking to understand the essential components of web development using HTML.

Introduction to HTML Basics

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Questions and Answers

What is the basic structure of an HTML document?

What does CSS stand for?

Which of the following is a valid CSS property for setting the border's appearance?

A responsive image scales with device size using the CSS class __________.

What is the purpose of media queries in CSS?

How do you connect CSS to an HTML document?

What does the 'display: grid;' property do in CSS?

The border-color property can only be used to change the color of the border.