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Questions and Answers
What does the <!DOCTYPE html> declaration specify in an HTML document?
What does the <!DOCTYPE html> declaration specify in an HTML document?
- The content of the body section
- The title of the web page
- The character set used in the document
- The document type and version of HTML (correct)
Which HTML tag is used to define a hyperlink?
Which HTML tag is used to define a hyperlink?
- <href>
- <link>
- <a> (correct)
- <url>
What is the main purpose of using semantic HTML?
What is the main purpose of using semantic HTML?
- To improve accessibility and SEO (correct)
- To embed media on web pages
- To make the code longer
- To create forms for user input
Which HTML element is used to create a multi-line text input field?
Which HTML element is used to create a multi-line text input field?
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Which of the following elements is a container for grouping other HTML elements?
Which of the following elements is a container for grouping other HTML elements?
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What does the alt attribute in an <img> tag represent?
What does the alt attribute in an <img> tag represent?
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Which element is specifically used to create an ordered list in HTML?
Which element is specifically used to create an ordered list in HTML?
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What is the primary role of the <head> section in an HTML document?
What is the primary role of the <head> section in an HTML document?
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Study Notes
Overview of HTML
- HTML (HyperText Markup Language): The standard markup language for creating web pages.
- Purpose: Structures content on the web, defining elements like headings, paragraphs, links, images, and other types of media.
Basic Structure of an HTML Document
- Doctype Declaration:
<!DOCTYPE html>- Defines the document type and version of HTML. - HTML Element:
<html>- Root element of an HTML page. - Head Section:
<head>- Contains meta-information about the document (title, character set, styles).- Title:
<title>- Sets the title of the web page (shown in the browser tab). - Meta Tags:
<meta>- Provides metadata such as description and character set. - Links to CSS:
<link>- Links to external stylesheets.
- Title:
- Body Section:
<body>- Contains the content of the webpage (text, images, links, etc.).
Common HTML Elements
- Headings:
<h1>to<h6>- Define headings, with<h1>being the highest level. - Paragraphs:
<p>- Defines a paragraph of text. - Links:
<a href="URL">- Creates hyperlinks to other pages or resources. - Images:
<img src="URL" alt="description">- Embeds images in the document. - Lists:
- Ordered List:
<ol>- Creates a numbered list. - Unordered List:
<ul>- Creates a bulleted list. - List Item:
<li>- Defines list items.
- Ordered List:
- Divisions:
<div>- A container for grouping elements, used for layout. - Spans:
<span>- A container for inline elements, often used for styling.
Attributes
- Global Attributes: Common to all HTML elements; include
id,class,style,title,data-*. - Specific Attributes: Unique to certain tags; for example:
hrefin<a>,srcin<img>,altin<img>.
Semantic HTML
- Purpose: Enhances accessibility and SEO by using meaningful tags.
- Examples:
<header>: Represents introductory content or navigational links.<footer>: Defines footer content for a section or page.<article>: Represents self-contained content that could be independently distributed.<section>: Defines a section in a document.
Forms
- Purpose: Collects user input.
- Basic Elements:
<form>: Container for form elements.<input>: Various types (text, password, checkbox, radio).<label>: Defines labels for form elements.<textarea>: Multi-line text input.<button>: Clickable button.<select>: Dropdown list.
HTML5 Features
- New Elements:
<nav>,<figure>,<figcaption>,<aside>,<main>. - APIs: Support for local storage, geolocation, and multimedia (audio and video).
- Canvas:
<canvas>element for drawing graphics via JavaScript.
Best Practices
- Use semantic HTML for better accessibility.
- Keep HTML documents clean and well-structured.
- Validate HTML code to ensure compatibility and adherence to standards.
- Use comments (
<!-- comment -->) to improve code readability.
Overview of HTML
- HTML (HyperText Markup Language) serves as the foundational markup language for web page creation.
- It structures web content by defining various elements, including headings, paragraphs, links, and images.
Basic Structure of an HTML Document
- Doctype Declaration (
<!DOCTYPE html>): Indicates the HTML version being used. - HTML Element (
<html>): Acts as the root element for the entire HTML document. - Head Section (
<head>): Contains meta-information such as:- Title (
<title>): Displays the page title in the browser tab. - Meta Tags (
<meta>): Provide essential metadata, including page description and character set. - Links to CSS (
<link>): Connects external stylesheets to enhance visual design.
- Title (
- Body Section (
<body>): Encloses all visible content on the webpage, including text, images, and links.
Common HTML Elements
- Headings (
<h1>to<h6>): Establish headings, with<h1>being the highest priority. - Paragraphs (
<p>): Denote blocks of text. - Links (
<a>): Create hyperlinks to navigate to other pages or resources. - Images (
<img>): Insert images within the document. - Lists:
- Ordered List (
<ol>): Generates numbered lists. - Unordered List (
<ul>): Produces bulleted lists. - List Item (
<li>): Defines individual items within lists.
- Ordered List (
- Divisions (
<div>): Acts as a container for grouping various elements, often used for layout purposes. - Spans (
<span>): Provides a container for inline elements, typically for styling.
Attributes
- Global Attributes: Applicable to all HTML elements, including
id,class,style, andtitle. - Specific Attributes: Exclusive to certain tags, such as:
hrefin links (<a>),srcin images (<img>), andaltin images for alternative text.
Semantic HTML
- Designed to improve accessibility and search engine optimization (SEO) through the use of meaningful HTML tags.
- Examples of semantic elements include:
<nav>: Indicates navigation links.<footer>: Defines footer content for sections or pages.<article>: Represents self-contained content that can be distributed independently.<section>: Designates a thematic grouping of content.
Forms
- Aimed at gathering user input on web pages.
- Basic Form Elements:
<form>: Acts as a container for form controls.- Input Types: Include text, password, checkbox, and radio buttons.
<label>: Associates text labels with form elements.<textarea>: Allows for multi-line text input.<button>: Generates a clickable button.<select>: Creates a dropdown list for selection.
HTML5 Features
- Introduces new elements like
<header>,<footer>,<nav>,<section>, and<article>. - Integrates APIs for functionalities such as local storage, geolocation, and multimedia (audio and video).
- Canvas Element (
<canvas>): Used for drawing graphics through JavaScript.
Best Practices
- Employ semantic HTML for enhanced accessibility and clarity.
- Maintain clean and well-structured HTML documents for ease of reading and maintenance.
- Validate HTML code to ensure compatibility with web standards.
- Utilize comments (
<!-- comment -->) to enhance code readability and organization.
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