HTML Basics Quiz

Definition: HyperText Markup Language; standard markup language for creating web pages.
Structure:
- Doctype Declaration: <!DOCTYPE html> - defines document type.
- HTML Element: <html> - root element.
- Head Element: <head> - contains meta-information (e.g., <title>, <meta>, <link>, <script>).
- Body Element: <body> - contains content of the web page (text, images, etc.).
Common Tags:
- Headings: <h1> to <h6> - define headings.
- Paragraph: <p> - defines a paragraph.
- Links: <a href="URL">Link Text</a> - creates hyperlinks.
- Images: <img src="URL" alt="description"> - embeds images.
- Lists:
  - Unordered: <ul><li></li></ul>
  - Ordered: <ol><li></li></ol>
- Tables: <table><tr><td></td></tr></table> - defines tables.
Attributes: Provide additional information about elements, e.g., id, class, style, src.
Forms:
- <form> element for user input; includes <input>, <textarea>, <button>, etc.
Semantic HTML: Use of HTML5 elements like <article>, <section>, <footer>, <header> to improve readability and accessibility.

Definition: A high-level, dynamic, untyped programming language primarily used for enhancing web pages.
Basic Syntax:
- Variables: Declared using var, let, or const.
  - var - function-scoped, can be redeclared.
  - let - block-scoped, cannot be redeclared in the same scope.
  - const - block-scoped, cannot be reassigned.
Data Types:
- Primitive: string, number, boolean, null, undefined, symbol.
- Objects: Collections of values and more complex entities.
Operators:
- Arithmetic: +, -, *, /, %
- Comparison: ===, !==, >, <, >=, <=
- Logical: &&, ||, !
Control Structures:
- Conditional Statements: if, else if, else, switch.
- Loops: for, while, do...while.
Functions:
- Declaration: function name() { }
- Expression: const name = function() { }
- Arrow Functions: const name = () => { }
DOM Manipulation:
- Accessing elements: document.getElementById(), document.querySelector().
- Modifying content: element.innerHTML, element.style.
- Event Handling: element.addEventListener('event', function).
JSON: JavaScript Object Notation; a format for structuring data as key-value pairs, often used for API responses.
ES6 Features:
- Template literals: `string`
- Destructuring: const { key } = object;
- Modules: import and export statements.

HyperText Markup Language (HTML) is the standard markup language for creating web pages.
The document begins with a Doctype Declaration (<!DOCTYPE html>), which defines the document type.
The root element of an HTML document is encapsulated within <html> tags.
The <head> element contains meta-information such as page title (<title>), character set (<meta charset>), and stylesheets (<link>).
The <body> element holds the content visible on the web page, including text, images, and other media.
Headings are defined using tags from <h1> to <h6>, where <h1> represents the highest importance.
The <p> tag defines a paragraph of text.
Hyperlinks are created with the <a> tag, utilizing the href attribute for the link destination.
Images can be embedded using the <img> tag, requiring the src attribute for the image source.
Lists can be unordered using <ul> or ordered using <ol>, with list items defined by <li>.
Tables are defined using the <table> tag, which includes rows (<tr>) and cells (<td> and <th>).
Attributes such as id, class, style, and src provide additional context and information about elements.
Forms for user input utilize the <form> element, incorporating various controls like <input>, <select>, and <textarea>.
Semantic HTML enhances readability and accessibility through elements like <header>, <footer>, <article>, and <section>.

JavaScript is a high-level, dynamic programming language used primarily for enhancing interactivity in web pages.
Basic syntax involves variable declarations using var, let, or const, each with distinct scoping rules.
var is function-scoped and can be redeclared, while let and const are block-scoped, with const not allowing reassignment.
JavaScript has several primitive data types: string, number, boolean, null, undefined, and symbol, along with objects that involve collections of values.
Arithmetic operators include +, -, *, /, and %, while comparison operators are ===, !==, >, <, >=, and <=.
DOM manipulation enables dynamic changes to the web page by accessing elements with document.getElementById() or document.querySelector().
Content can be modified using element.innerHTML or element.style, and event handling can be done with element.addEventListener('event', function).
JSON (JavaScript Object Notation) is a format for structuring data in key-value pairs, widely used for API responses.
ES6 features include template literals for string interpolation (``string``), destructuring assignment (const { key } = object;), and module system using import and export statements.