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Questions and Answers
What is the purpose of the <!DOCTYPE html> declaration in an HTML document?
What is the purpose of the <!DOCTYPE html> declaration in an HTML document?
- It is used to include external scripts.
- It marks the end of the HTML document.
- It defines the language of the document.
- It indicates the version of HTML being used. (correct)
Which of the following elements is used to create a clickable hyperlink?
Which of the following elements is used to create a clickable hyperlink?
- <link>
- <hyperlink>
- <a> (correct)
- <anchor>
When defining an image in HTML, what attribute is used to specify the file destination?
When defining an image in HTML, what attribute is used to specify the file destination?
- src (correct)
- alt
- href
- image
What does the alt attribute in an image tag provide?
What does the alt attribute in an image tag provide?
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Which HTML element would you use to create a numbered list?
Which HTML element would you use to create a numbered list?
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What is the purpose of comments in HTML?
What is the purpose of comments in HTML?
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Which tag is used to define a paragraph in HTML?
Which tag is used to define a paragraph in HTML?
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What does the target attribute in an anchor tag specify?
What does the target attribute in an anchor tag specify?
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Study Notes
HTML Basics
-
HTML Definition: Hypertext Markup Language is the standard language for creating web pages.
-
Structure of HTML Document:
- Doctype Declaration:
<!DOCTYPE html>- indicates the document type and version. - HTML Element:
<html>- root element that contains all other elements. - Head Element:
<head>- contains meta-information, links to stylesheets, scripts, and the title. - Body Element:
<body>- contains the content of the web page, such as text, images, and links.
- Doctype Declaration:
-
Basic Syntax:
- HTML elements consist of tags, which are enclosed in angle brackets (e.g.,
<tagname>). - Most elements have an opening tag and a corresponding closing tag (e.g.,
<tagname></tagname>).
- HTML elements consist of tags, which are enclosed in angle brackets (e.g.,
-
Attributes:
- Provide additional information about elements.
- Syntax:
<element attribute="value">. - Common attributes:
id,class,style,src,href.
-
Comments:
- Used to leave notes in the code, not displayed in the browser.
- Syntax:
<!-- Comment here -->.
-
Text Formatting Elements:
<h1>to<h6>: Headings (h1 is the largest, h6 is the smallest).<p>: Paragraph.<strong>: Bold text.<em>: Italicized text.
-
Lists:
- Ordered List:
<ol>- numbered list. - Unordered List:
<ul>- bullet list. - List Item:
<li>- defines a list item.
- Ordered List:
-
Links (Hyperlinks):
- Defined using the
<a>tag (anchor tag). - Syntax:
<a href="URL">Link Text</a>.href: specifies the URL the link points to.target: can specify how to open the link (e.g.,_blankfor new tab).
- Defined using the
-
Images:
- Added using the
<img>tag. - Syntax:
<img src="imageURL" alt="description">.src: the source of the image file.alt: alternative text for the image.
- Added using the
-
Forms:
<form>: used to collect user input.- Common elements include
<input>,<textarea>,<select>, and<button>.
HTML Overview
- HTML: Stands for Hypertext Markup Language; it's the standard markup language for web page creation.
Structure of HTML Document
- Doctype Declaration:
<!DOCTYPE html>signifies the document type and version of HTML being used. - HTML Element: The root element is
<html>, which encapsulates all other elements in the document. - Head Element:
<head>includes meta-information about the document, like<title>, links to stylesheets and scripts. - Body Element:
<body>contains the actual content of the webpage such as text, images, and links.
Basic Syntax
- HTML elements consist of tags wrapped in angle brackets (e.g.,
<tag>). - Most elements have an opening and a closing tag (e.g.,
<tag>...</tag>), forming a structure. - Attributes: Offer additional details about elements, formatted as
attribute="value". - Common attributes include
id,class,style,src, andhref.
Comments
- Used for leaving notes within the code for developers; not shown in the browser.
- Syntax for comments is
<!-- Comment here -->.
Text Formatting Elements
- Headings: Created using
<h1>to<h6>, where<h1>is the largest and<h6>is the smallest. - Paragraph: Defined using
<p>. - Text styles include
<strong>for bold and<em>for italicized text.
Lists
- Ordered List: Created using
<ol>, produces a numbered list. - Unordered List: Created using
<ul>, produces a bulleted list. - List Item: Defined with
<li>within either list type.
Links (Hyperlinks)
- Formed using
<a>(anchor tag). - Syntax:
<a href="URL">Link Text</a>. - The
hrefattribute specifies the target URL, whiletargetcan control link opening behavior (e.g.,_blankopens in a new tab).
Images
- Included with the
<img>tag. - Syntax:
<img src="imageURL" alt="description">. - The
srcattribute denotes the source file, whilealtprovides alternative text for the image.
Forms
<form>: Utilized for collecting user input.- Common form elements include
<input>,<textarea>,<select>, and<button>.
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