Introduction to HTML Basics

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Questions and Answers

What does HTML stand for?

HyperText Markup Language

What are the two main parts of an HTML document?

  • Head and Body (correct)
  • Code and Content
  • Form and Table
  • Header and Footer

HTML elements are case sensitive.

False (B)

Which of the following HTML tags is used to define a paragraph?

<p> (D) Signup and view all the answers

The ________ attribute in an HTML link defines where the linked document will be opened.

<p>target</p> Signup and view all the answers

HTML tables can be used to organize data into rows and columns.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of using entities (special characters) in HTML?

<p>To display special characters that cannot be typed directly on the keyboard, such as copyright symbols or less than/greater than signs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

HTML

HyperText Markup Language, the main language for creating web pages.

HTML tag

A code that marks up HTML elements, telling the browser how to display content.

HTML element

A fundamental component of an HTML document, defined by tags.

Start tag

The first tag specifying the beginning of an HTML element.

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End tag

The tag specifying the end of an HTML element after the content.

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HTML document

A file containing HTML tags to create a webpage, starting with and ending with .

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HTML head

Part of an HTML document containing meta-information, such as the title.

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HTML body

The actual content of an HTML document that appears on the web page.

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Web browser

Software used to view web pages displayed by the web server.

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Web server

A computer that stores and serves web pages.

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HTML headings

Tags to define headings (h1 to h6) in decreasing order of importance.

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HTML paragraph

Element tag for structuring paragraphs of text on a web page.

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HTML link

Element to create a hyperlink between web pages or resources.

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HTML image

Element to embed images into a web page, using tag.

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HTML list

Element to create ordered or unordered lists using

    or
      respectively.

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HTML table

Element to create tables in web pages using

, ,
.

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HTML entity

Special characters that cannot be typed directly like <, used with & sign.

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HTML comment

Explanatory text in code that is ignored by the browser.

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Study Notes

Introduction to HTML

  • HTML is the primary language of the World Wide Web (WWW)
  • A web server communicates page structure to the browser
  • A web browser renders the pages
  • HTML defines a page's structure, not its styles
  • Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) define page styles

HTML Elements

  • HTML elements form the document's structure
  • All elements are encompassed within the <html> element
  • The <html> element begins with <html> and ends with </html>
  • The <head> element contains title information within <head> and </head>
  • The <title> element defines the document's title within <title> and </title>
  • The <body> element holds the page's content within <body> and </body>

HTML Tags

  • HTML documents consist of structured HTML elements
  • HTML elements are marked using HTML tags
  • Tags are enclosed in angle brackets: < >
  • Tags typically occur in pairs: start tag and end tag
  • The first tag is the start tag, and the second is the end tag
  • The content of the element is between these tags
  • Tags are not case sensitive but generally written in lowercase

Basic HTML tags

  • <html>: Defines an HTML document
  • <body>: Defines the document's body
  • <h1> to <h6>: Defines headings (1 to 6)
  • <p>: Defines a paragraph
  • <br>: Inserts a line break
  • <hr>: Defines a horizontal rule
  • <!-- -->: Defines a comment

HTML Syntax

  • HTML elements have a structure
  • Elements consist of a start tag, content, and an end tag
  • Example: <div>Content here</div>
  • Some elements are self-closing, like <br/>

HTML Headings

  • <h1> to <h6>: Defines HTML headings in different sizes
  • <h1>: Largest heading
  • <h6>: Smallest heading

HTML Text Elements

  • <p>: Defines a paragraph
  • <br>: Inserts a line break
  • <hr>: Defines a horizontal rule
  • <pre>: Defines preformatted text

Logical Styles

  • <em>: Emphasized text
  • <strong>: Strong text
  • <code>: Computer code

Physical Styles

  • <b>: Bold text
  • <i>: Italicized text

HTML Images

  • <img>: Inserts an image
  • src: Specifies the image source
  • width and height: Set image dimensions
  • <a>: Creates a hyperlink
  • href: Specifies the link's destination
  • name: Defines a named anchor

HTML Lists

  • <ul>: Unordered list
  • <ol>: Ordered list
  • <li>: List item

HTML Definition Lists

  • <dl>: Definition list
  • <dt>: Defines a term
  • <dd>: Defines a description

HTML Tables

  • To organize data into rows and columns
  • <table >...</table>: Contains table data
  • <tr >...</tr>: Table row
  • <td >...</td>: Table data cell
  • <th >...</th>: Table header cell
  • Attributes: border, align, width

Sliced images

  • This format divides an image into smaller pieces
  • Improves page load times

Aligning with Tables

  • Easily aligns web elements within a table
  • Best for simple layouts; not ideal for complex designs
  • Tables can negatively affect page performance and SEO

Special Character Entities

  • Replace special characters such as <, >, & with entities like &lt;, &gt;, &amp;

Other Elements

  • <blockquote >: Text quoted from another source
  • <address>: For contact information

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