HTML Basics: Structure and Elements
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Questions and Answers

Explain the difference between the and tags and provide a scenario where you would use each one.

is a block-level element used for grouping larger sections of content, while is an inline element used for styling smaller portions of text. Use to divide a page into sections and to apply style to a few words within a paragraph.

Describe the basic structure of an HTML document, including the purpose of the , , , and tags.

An HTML document starts with . The root element is , containing and. holds meta-information like the title, and contains the visible content.

What is the purpose of the href attribute in the `` tag, and what types of values can it accept?

The href attribute specifies the destination URL for a hyperlink. It can accept absolute URLs (e.g., https://www.example.com), relative URLs (e.g., about.html), or anchor links (e.g., #section1).

Explain the difference between an ordered list () and an unordered list () in HTML. Give an example of when you would use each.

<p>An ordered list (<code>) displays list items with numbers or letters, indicating a sequence. An unordered list (</code>) displays list items with bullets. Use <code>for steps in a process and</code> for a list of features.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How are heading tags (to) used in HTML, and why is it important to use them in a logical order?

<p>Heading tags define headings of different levels, with <code>being the most important and</code> the least. Using them in logical order (e.g., <code>followed by</code>) improves document structure and accessibility for screen readers and search engines.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the src attribute in the `` tag, and what are some common image formats that can be used?

<p>The <code>src</code> attribute specifies the source (path) of the image to be displayed. Common image formats include JPEG, PNG, and GIF.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the id attribute in HTML, and how does it differ from the class attribute?

<p>The <code>id</code> attribute provides a unique identifier for an element, while the <code>class</code> attribute allows you to apply the same style or functionality to multiple elements. <code>id</code> should be unique within the document.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Explain the purpose of the `` tag and provide an example of how it is used.

<p>The `` tag inserts a single line break within text. For example, use it to force text onto a new line within a paragraph without creating a new paragraph element.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Explain the difference between the and tags in terms of the emphasis they apply to text. How might a browser render each tag by default?

<p><code>indicates strong emphasis and is typically rendered in **bold**, while</code> indicates emphasis and is typically rendered in <em>italics</em>.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an HTML attribute, and how is it used to modify the behaviour or appearance of an HTML element? Give two different tag examples of how attributes are used.

<p>An HTML attribute provides additional information about an element, modifying its behavior or appearance. For example, <code>uses `src` and</code> uses <code>href</code>.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

HTML

HyperText Markup Language, standard for web pages.

HTML Element

Defined using tags that enclose content in angle brackets.

Opening and Closing Tags

Tags come in pairs; closing tags have a forward slash.

HTML Document Declaration

Begins with <!DOCTYPE html> to define document type.

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Root Element

The <html> tag that contains the entire HTML document.

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Head Section

Contains meta-information like title and character encoding.

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Body Section

Contains all the visible content of a web page.

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List Tags

Used to create lists: <ul>, <ol>, <li>.

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Image Tag

The <img> tag embeds images with a src attribute.

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HTML Attributes

Provide additional information about HTML elements.

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Study Notes

Introduction to HTML

  • HTML stands for HyperText Markup Language.
  • It's the standard markup language for creating web pages.
  • HTML elements are defined using tags, enclosed in angle brackets.
  • Tags typically come in pairs: an opening tag and a closing tag. The closing tag is identical to the opening tag, but with a forward slash before the tag name.
  • This structured approach allows browsers to interpret the content and display it appropriately.

Basic HTML Structure

  • Every HTML document begins with the <!DOCTYPE html> declaration. This informs the browser about the document type.
  • The root element is the <html> tag, which contains the entire document.
  • Within the <html> tag, there's a <head> and a <body> section.
  • The <head> section contains meta-information about the document (title, character encoding, etc.). Crucially, it contains the <title> tag that defines the title shown in the browser tab or window.
  • The <body> section contains the visible content of the web page.

Essential HTML Tags

  • <p> (Paragraph): Used to define paragraphs of text.
  • <h1> to <h6> (Headings): Define headings of different levels; <h1> is the most important and <h6> the least.
  • <br> (Line Break): Inserts a single line break.
  • <em> (Emphasis): Indicates emphasis, often styled in italics.
  • <a> (Anchor): Creates hyperlinks to other web pages or sections within the document. The href attribute specifies the target URL.
  • <img> (Image): Embeds images. The src attribute specifies the image source.
  • <ul> (Unordered List), <ol> (Ordered List), <li> (List Item): Used to create lists. The <li> tag defines individual list items, enclosed by either <ul> or <ol>.
  • <strong> (Strong Emphasis): Indicates strong emphasis, often styled in bold.
  • <div> (Division): Used to group sections of content. A flexible container for styling or structuring. Its main function is semantic grouping, not visual separation alone.
  • <span> (Inline): Used for styling smaller portions of text, without creating a separate block of content. Often used with CSS for targeting specific text with styles, compared to a <div>, which encapsulates whole content blocks.

HTML Attributes

  • Attributes provide additional information about HTML elements.
  • Attributes are placed within the opening tag, after the element name.
  • Example: the href attribute in the <a> tag.
  • Attributes often include:
    • class: allows applying styles or adding functionality.
    • id: a unique identifier for an element.
    • src: specifies the location of an image for the <img> tag.
    • href: defines the destination URL for a hyperlink.

Basic Structure Example

  • The provided HTML example is missing the requisite tags, and is an incomplete representation of the basic structure.

Semantic HTML5 Elements

  • HTML5 introduced semantic elements that improve the structure and meaning of web pages.
  • Examples include:
    • <header>
    • <nav>
    • <article>
    • <aside>
    • <footer>
  • These elements help search engines and assistive technologies better understand the content.

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Description

Learn the fundamentals of HTML, the standard markup language for creating web pages. Understand the basic structure, including the <!DOCTYPE html> declaration, <html>, <head>, and <body> elements. Explore how HTML elements are defined using tags.

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