Podcast
Questions and Answers
Ethics is derived from the Greek word ______, which means custom.
Ethics is derived from the Greek word ______, which means custom.
Ethos
The material object of Ethics is ______ act or human conduct.
The material object of Ethics is ______ act or human conduct.
Human
General Ethics deals with the general principles of ______ or bad.
General Ethics deals with the general principles of ______ or bad.
right
Special Ethics refers to the application of general principles of good or bad to a specific ______.
Special Ethics refers to the application of general principles of good or bad to a specific ______.
Under Social Ethics, one of the types of ethical focus is ______ society.
Under Social Ethics, one of the types of ethical focus is ______ society.
Only Ethics studies the morality of the human act by means of human ______ alone.
Only Ethics studies the morality of the human act by means of human ______ alone.
By providing rules of human conduct, Ethics enables men to live together in ______.
By providing rules of human conduct, Ethics enables men to live together in ______.
A norm is understood as a rule, standard or measure that judges human acts as right or ______.
A norm is understood as a rule, standard or measure that judges human acts as right or ______.
The societal norm has something to do with the need for group ______ and strengthening community bonds.
The societal norm has something to do with the need for group ______ and strengthening community bonds.
The aesthetic norm refers to a typical perceptual appreciation of something ______ and criticism of something ugly.
The aesthetic norm refers to a typical perceptual appreciation of something ______ and criticism of something ugly.
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Study Notes
Definition of Ethics
- Originates from the Greek word "Ethos," meaning custom, encompassing shared human behavior across times and cultures.
- Closely tied to the Latin term "MORIS," which also signifies custom.
- Ethics and Moral Philosophy are synonymous, concerned with the morality of human actions.
Characteristics of Ethics
- Science: Represents a systematic body of knowledge with organized explanations.
- Practical: Offers principles and rules that guide actions and conduct.
- Philosophical: Explains concepts through human reason and its fundamental principles.
Objects of Ethics
- Material Object: Focuses on Human Acts or Conduct.
- Formal Object: Concentrates on human reason, determining moral rectitude (good/bad and right/wrong).
Divisions of Ethics
- General Ethics: Addresses overarching principles of right and wrong.
- Special/Applied Ethics: Implements general ethical principles in specific contexts, subdivided into:
- Individual Ethics
- Social Ethics, which includes:
- Family ethics
- State ethics
- Church ethics
- International societal ethics
- Professional ethics
Importance of Ethics
- Examines human morality using solely human reason.
- Guides rational behavior by delineating rules of conduct.
- Promotes harmonious coexistence, aiding societal relationships.
- Aligns with Christian moral principles and supports Catholic doctrinal truths.
Norms in Ethics
- Norm: A standard or measure assessing human actions as right or wrong.
- Types of Norms:
- Technical Norms: Guide techniques for survival within a community.
- Societal Norms: Support group cohesion and community bonds, including social standards (e.g., dress codes).
- Aesthetic Norms: Relate to perceptions of beauty and aesthetics across various senses.
- Ethical and Moral Norms: Represent ideal visions of humanity, serving as ultimate goals for moral assessment, often referred to as "NON-NEGOTIABLES."
Characteristics of Moral Principles
- Reasonability: Judgments are based on sound reasoning, resisting emotional influence.
- Impartiality: Rules apply universally, irrespective of personal status or circumstances.
- Prescriptivity: Moral principles provide actionable guidance.
- Overridingness: Moral standards take precedence over other valuations.
- Autonomy: Moral rules exist independently of majority opinion or arbitrary authority.
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