Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which of these is the MOST accurate description of ethics?
Which of these is the MOST accurate description of ethics?
- A system of codes developed over time that gives the world meaning and shapes the behavior of people.
- A code or system of behavior in regard to standards of right and wrong behavior.
- A set of explicitly written regulations governing conduct within a specific activity or sphere.
- A branch of philosophy that studies morality or the rightness or wrongness of human conduct. (correct)
Moral standards are invented by authoritative bodies such as a nation's legislative bodies.
Moral standards are invented by authoritative bodies such as a nation's legislative bodies.
False (B)
What is involved in impartiality, as pertaining to moral judgments?
What is involved in impartiality, as pertaining to moral judgments?
Each individual's interests and point of view are considered equally important.
A difficult situation where a choice must be made between two or more options, especially ones that are more or less equally desirable, is known as a ______.
A difficult situation where a choice must be made between two or more options, especially ones that are more or less equally desirable, is known as a ______.
Match each type of moral dilemma with its level:
Match each type of moral dilemma with its level:
Which of the following is NOT a philosophical insight on freedom?
Which of the following is NOT a philosophical insight on freedom?
Animals can be judged as morally right or wrong in their actions.
Animals can be judged as morally right or wrong in their actions.
What is the Greek word that 'ethics' comes from, and what does it mean?
What is the Greek word that 'ethics' comes from, and what does it mean?
Moral standards ought to be preferred to other values, including personal, cultural, and even ______ ones.
Moral standards ought to be preferred to other values, including personal, cultural, and even ______ ones.
Match each action with the concept it violates:
Match each action with the concept it violates:
Which of the following is the primary function of rules in a society?
Which of the following is the primary function of rules in a society?
Non-moral standards typically cause guilt when violated.
Non-moral standards typically cause guilt when violated.
What two elements are key in the minimum requirement for morality?
What two elements are key in the minimum requirement for morality?
Culture is a system of codes that gives the world ______ and shapes the behavior of people.
Culture is a system of codes that gives the world ______ and shapes the behavior of people.
Match the following terms with their description:
Match the following terms with their description:
Which concept best describes when people need to act as free persons?
Which concept best describes when people need to act as free persons?
Rules are harmful to a healthy economy because they centralize power around monopolies.
Rules are harmful to a healthy economy because they centralize power around monopolies.
In the provided story, what monetary value did the Vietnamese boy steal, and what currency was it?
In the provided story, what monetary value did the Vietnamese boy steal, and what currency was it?
Rules help guarantee each person certain ______ and ______.
Rules help guarantee each person certain ______ and ______.
Match the moral standards with their characteristics:
Match the moral standards with their characteristics:
What is the key reason why only human beings can be considered ethical?
What is the key reason why only human beings can be considered ethical?
Ethics primarily focuses on describing how people actually behave, rather than prescribing how they should behave.
Ethics primarily focuses on describing how people actually behave, rather than prescribing how they should behave.
What is the significance of the 'Seven-Step Moral Reasoning Model?'
What is the significance of the 'Seven-Step Moral Reasoning Model?'
The conception of the good is shaped by ______ as it is the very basic system of codes that shapes human behavior.
The conception of the good is shaped by ______ as it is the very basic system of codes that shapes human behavior.
Match the following terms to their definitions:
Match the following terms to their definitions:
What is required by morality concerning individual interests?
What is required by morality concerning individual interests?
Ethical reflection is founded on scenarios where people don’t need to realize something; instead, they need to act in ways that achieve the good.
Ethical reflection is founded on scenarios where people don’t need to realize something; instead, they need to act in ways that achieve the good.
What is the importance of sound reasoning in ethical cases?
What is the importance of sound reasoning in ethical cases?
The question of good and evil arises when people need to act as ______ persons.
The question of good and evil arises when people need to act as ______ persons.
Match the followings:
Match the followings:
Flashcards
Ethics
Ethics
A branch of philosophy studying morality and the rightness or wrongness of human conduct.
Morality
Morality
A code or system of behavior concerning standards of right and wrong.
Rules
Rules
Regulations or principles governing conduct within a specific activity or sphere.
Moral Standards
Moral Standards
Signup and view all the flashcards
Non-Moral Standards
Non-Moral Standards
Signup and view all the flashcards
Dilemma Definition
Dilemma Definition
Signup and view all the flashcards
Moral Dilemma
Moral Dilemma
Signup and view all the flashcards
Personal Dilemma
Personal Dilemma
Signup and view all the flashcards
Organizational Dilemma
Organizational Dilemma
Signup and view all the flashcards
Humans as Ethical Beings
Humans as Ethical Beings
Signup and view all the flashcards
Freedom in Morality
Freedom in Morality
Signup and view all the flashcards
Reason in Morality
Reason in Morality
Signup and view all the flashcards
Impartiality
Impartiality
Signup and view all the flashcards
Study Notes
- Ethics is a branch of philosophy examining human conduct's morality.
- Ethics explores reasons behind human actions and relates to character.
- The word Ethics comes from the Greek term "ethos", signifying character or manners.
- Morality refers to a behavior code related to right and wrong behavior standards.
Ethical Questions
- What constitutes goodness?
- Who embodies a moral person?
- What are human virtues?
- What defines a right action?
- What duties do people have towards each other?
Why Study Ethics?
- Ethics explores the need to analyze inherent senses of good and bad.
- Ethics explores the need to contemplate inherent instincts about duties.
Culture and Ethics
- Culture shapes behavior and gives the world meaning through systems of codes.
- Culture defines what is considered "proper behavior".
- Culture influences thoughts, actions, and the pursuit of a meaningful existence.
- Culture shapes the concept of good, but can be potentially harmful.
- Practices considered good in one culture may be frowned upon in another
Examples of Cultural Practices
- Flagellation
- Divorce
- Annulment
- Polygamy
- Abortion
- Death Penalty
- Senicide
- Euthanasia
- Widow burning
- Slavery
- Wife beating
- Lynching
- Genital mutilation
- Racism
Moral Philosophy
- Ethics, also known as moral philosophy, assesses moral concepts, values, principles, and standards.
Ethical Reflection
- Ethical reflection involves free individuals acting in challenging situations.
- Ethical reflection requires acting in a way that realizes the good.
- Ethical norms arise when people act as free persons aiming to realize the good, indicating actions are not inherently ethical.
- Ethical questions emerge when actions fulfill freedom responding to authentic human existence.
Seven-Step Moral Reasoning Model
- Stop and think
- Clarify goals
- Determine facts
- Develop options
- Consider consequences
- Choose
- Monitor and modify
Significance of Rules
- Rules refer to explicit regulations governing conduct.
- Rules are guidelines used as standards in communities and countries.
Benefit of Rules
- Rules protect society by regulating behavior and setting boundaries.
- Rules help guarantee individual rights and freedom, forming societal frameworks.
- Rules produce justice, preventing exploitation and domination.
- Rules are essential for a healthy economic system, ensuring power is not centralized.
Moral Standards
- Morality relates to standards about right and wrong.
- Moral standards relate to human behavior, especially distinguishing between good and bad.
- Moral standards are the framework for determining proper actions.
- Violating moral standards can cause guilt.
- Rules that are unrelated to moral considerations are considered non-moral standards.
- Violating non-moral standars may only cause shame or embarrassment.
Moral Standards
- Moral standards involve significant benefits or serious wrongs.
- Moral standards take precedence over other values, including personal and legal ones.
- Moral standards are not established by authority figures.
- Moral standards have universalizability, morally right for one is morally right for all relevantly similar.
- Moral standards are based on impartial considerations, equally valuing each person's interest.
- Moral standards are associated with special emotions and vocabulary, often expressed as injunctions.
Dilemma
- Dilemma is a tough choice between equally desirable options.
- Moral dilemma is a difficult choice between actions, where each transgresses a moral principle.
Moral Dilemma Example
- Choosing between repaying debts and protecting others from harm.
- "Justice" is defined as speaking truthfully and paying one's debts.
- It's wrong to repay certain debts like returning a weapon to someone not in their right mind.
- It is not always right to repay debts.
Key Features of Moral Dilemmas
- An agent must do two or more actions.
- The agent can do each action, but not all.
- None of the conflicting requirements is overridden.
Types of Moral Dilemmas
- Personal dilemma are resolved on a personal level.
- Organizational dilemma are resolved by social organizations.
- Structural dilemma are cases involving networks, institutions, and operative theoretical paradigms.
Morality and Humanity
- Only rational, autonomous, self-conscious beings can be ethical.
- Ethical beings consciously select actions.
- Only humans can act morally or immorally.
- Actions of animals cannot be judged morally.
- Only humans can be required to sacrifice their interests for others.
- Only humans practice values for social relations.
- Only humans can participate in collective cognition.
Freedom and Morality
- Morality is impossible without freedom of choice.
- Morality allows individuals to choose differently.
Philosophical Insights on Freedom
- Freedom is a gift.
- Freedom is complementary to reason.
- Freedom is absolute.
- Freedom denotes responsibility.
Morality Requirements
- Moral judgments require good reasons and impartial consideration of interests.
- Human feelings are important in ethical decisions, but guided by reason.
Sound Reasoning
- Sound reasoning helps evaluate feelings about moral cases.
Impartiality
- Impartiality holds that each individual's interests are equally important.
- Decisions should be based on objective criteria, not bias.
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
