Utilitarianism Theory Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is a requirement for a foreign applicant to practice midwifery in the Philippines?

The applicant must hold a license issued by the DFA.

The foreigner must have resided in the Philippines for 3 consecutive years. (correct)

The applicant must have a degree from a Philippine university.

The applicant must speak fluent Filipino.

Which principle under international relations ensures that benefits granted by one state are reciprocated by another?

Reciprocity (correct)

Sovereignty

Non-interference

Mutual Benefit

What does the Latin phrase 'Du ut des' translate to in English?

You give to receive.

I give without expecting.

I receive what I give.

I give because you give. (correct)

Which of the following is NOT a function of midwifery as defined in the document?

Conducting surgical procedures on mothers. Signup and view all the answers

What must a midwife have in addition to residency to practice in the Philippines?

Registration as a midwife in their home country. Signup and view all the answers

What is described as the societies' established patterns of action to which individuals are expected to conform?

Mores Signup and view all the answers

Which term refers to a system of behavior in relation to standards of right or wrong?

Morality Signup and view all the answers

According to St. Thomas, law is described as an ordinance of reason for what purpose?

For the common good Signup and view all the answers

What does 'conscience' represent in the context of moral actions?

A practical judgment of reason Signup and view all the answers

What is virtue defined as in the content provided?

A firm disposition to act according to right reason Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a reason of conscience for objecting to practices?

Censorship Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of prudence as described in the content?

To judge actions regarding appropriate behavior Signup and view all the answers

Which cardinal value ensures a balance between self-interest and the rights of others?

Justice Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of utilitarianism?

To promote outcomes benefiting the majority Signup and view all the answers

How does act utilitarianism differ from rule utilitarianism?

Act utilitarianism ignores societal constraints Signup and view all the answers

Which type of act is considered as an 'act of man'?

Unconscious reactions and natural functions Signup and view all the answers

What defines 'human acts' in ethical terms?

Deliberate actions involving reason and free will Signup and view all the answers

What does the principle of free will imply in decision-making?

Individuals have the ability to make independent choices Signup and view all the answers

In rule utilitarianism, how is fairness approached?

Fairness is crucial for benefiting the majority justly Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes an 'act of man'?

Spontaneous reactions and subconscious impulses Signup and view all the answers

Which scenario best illustrates act utilitarianism?

An individual disregards laws to maximize overall happiness Signup and view all the answers

What constitutes dishonorable conduct in a professional context?

Conduct lacking good moral character or involving fraud Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes unprofessional conduct?

Behavior that jeopardizes patient health and safety Signup and view all the answers

What is a prerequisite for an applicant to take the midwifery examination?

Good moral character and health Signup and view all the answers

Which act is considered an example of moral turpitude?

Committing fraud or dishonest acts Signup and view all the answers

What does the annual report of the Board typically include?

Detailed accounts of its activities and proceedings Signup and view all the answers

What might signify conduct unbecoming a licensee?

Engaging in conduct against recognized standards of ethics Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is not a qualification for midwifery examination applicants?

Having a specified number of births attended Signup and view all the answers

Which term describes the act of unprofessional behavior that threatens public welfare?

Dishonorable conduct Signup and view all the answers

What type of power allows an entity to take specific actions by suspending required permission?

Enabling Power Signup and view all the answers

Which scenario exemplifies neglect of duty?

An officer fails to perform a required duty without sufficient excuse. Signup and view all the answers

Which type of power is responsible for examining candidates for qualification?

Examining Power Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'incompetence' refer to in a professional context?

Inability to perform duties due to lack of qualifications. Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary consequence of dispensing power?

Exemptions from general provisions of legislation. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following elements is NOT part of the definition of neglect of duty?

Sufficient excuse for inaction Signup and view all the answers

To correct a lost certificate of registration, what action is required?

Submit an affidavit of loss. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes corrective power in the context of professional practice?

Replacing lost credentials for professionals. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Utilitarianism

Promotes outcomes that yield the greatest benefit to the majority, emphasizing impartiality.
Act Utilitarianism prioritizes actions that benefit most individuals, disregarding personal feelings or societal laws.
Rule Utilitarianism considers laws and fairness, aiming for just means to benefit the majority.

Ethical Division

Acts of Man: Actions performed unconsciously, without intellect or free will (e.g., bodily functions).
Human Acts: Conscious actions involving rational judgment, free will, and self-determination.

Mores vs Morality

Mores: Societal customs and beliefs enforced by social pressure, creating expected patterns of behavior.
Morality: Involves standards of right or wrong, moral responsibility (conscience), and moral identity (capacity for right actions).

Law of Conscience or Natural Law

Defined by St. Thomas as an ordinance of reason aimed at the common good, established by society’s authority.
Conscience serves as a judgment of reason regarding the morality of individual actions.

Cardinal Values

Prudence: Ability to judge appropriate actions at any given time.
Justice: Balances self-interest with the rights and needs of others.

Powers of Authority

Enabling Power: Legislative body's authority to grant powers or remove barriers for specific actions.
Corrective/Directing Power: Authority to replace lost or invalid documents, ensuring proper records.
Dispensing Power: Authority to grant exemptions from standard legal requirements.
Examining Power: Process to qualify candidates for licensure, ensuring competence.

Neglect of Duty

Defined as a failure to perform a legal obligation without sufficient excuse.
Essential elements include existence of duty, absence of excuses, and non-performance of duty.

Incompetence

Refers to an individual's incapacity or lack of qualifications to perform required duties effectively.

Dishonorable Conduct

Includes acts that reflect moral turpitude, fraud, or dishonesty, demonstrating a lack of moral character.

Unprofessional Conduct

Describes actions that violate ethical standards of a profession, endangering public health and safety.

Annual Reporting

The Board must submit an annual report to the Commission, detailing activities and proceedings from the previous year.

Qualifications for Midwifery Examination

Applicants must demonstrate good health, moral character, and graduation from a recognized institution.
Foreign applicants must have resided in the Philippines for three consecutive years and be registered in their home country.

Reciprocity

In international contexts, reciprocity involves mutual granting of benefits or penalties among states, based on "Du ut des" (I give that you may give).

Practice of Midwifery

Midwives are responsible for supervising, caring for, and advising women throughout pregnancy, labor, and the postpartum period.

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Description

Test your understanding of utilitarianism, a moral theory that emphasizes the greatest good for the greatest number. Explore key concepts like act utilitarianism and how they apply to ethical decision-making. This quiz will challenge your comprehension of utilitarian principles and their practical implications.