Introduction to Ergonomics

It derives from 'ergon' meaning 'work' and 'nomos' meaning 'rules'.

It emphasizes making the work fit the person, not the person fit the work.

It began when humans first used tools to accomplish tasks beyond their physical capabilities.

<p>It refers to the transition from an agrarian and handicraft economy to one dominated by industry and machine manufacturing around 1760 to 1840.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It involves intelligent reactions to the interactions between man and his environment.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The factory system introduced a division of labor, which allowed workers to specialize in specific tasks.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The automobile and the airplane were two key developments in transportation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The Spinning Jenny allowed a worker to spin multiple spools of yarn simultaneously, reducing the labor needed for production.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Coal, steam engines, and electricity became essential energy sources during this period.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Mass production allowed for the efficient and large-scale manufacture of goods, reducing costs and increasing availability.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Interchangeable parts.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The sewing machine.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Alexander Graham Bell.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The induction electric motor.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>1903 by Orville and Wilbur Wright.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The study of people's efficiency in their working environment.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The efficiency of sophisticated military equipment.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Wojciech Jastrzebowski.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>People are different, people have limitations, and people have certain expectations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ergonomics focuses on physical aspects of work, while human factors address cognitive involvement.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Because people vary in shapes and sizes, leading to discomfort and inefficiency.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They refer to the physical and mental limits that confront humans.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It consists of bones, muscles, cartilage, tendons, ligaments, joints, and connective tissue.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They are the expected cognitive processes individuals exhibit in response to certain stimuli.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It guides designers in addressing both physical and cognitive needs effectively.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cognitive design addresses how humans think, make decisions, and react to situations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>MSDs are injuries and disorders that affect the body's movement or musculoskeletal system.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Examples include muscles, tendons, discs, blood vessels, ligaments, and nerves.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>WMSDs are also known as Cumulative Trauma Disorders (CTDs) and Repetitive Strain Injuries (RSIs).</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Common symptoms include pain and inflammation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A primary cause of WMSDs is heavy, frequent, or awkward lifting.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>One risk factor is working in awkward postures.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>WMSDs refer to soft tissue injuries that occur gradually.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Recommendations exist to prevent injuries associated with heavy lifting.</p> Signup and view all the answers