Introduction to Engineering Fluid Mechanics (MEE 309)

Fluid mechanics is a discipline within the broad field of applied mechanics concerned with the behavior of liquids and gases at rest or in motion.

Fluid kinematics is a branch of Fluid Mechanics which involves position, velocity and acceleration of the fluid and the description and visualization of its motion without being concerned with the specific forces necessary to produce the motion.

<p>A velocity field is a vector function that describes the velocity of a fluid at every point in space and time.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>An acceleration field is a vector field that describes the acceleration of a fluid at every point in space and time.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The two components of fluid acceleration are local (temporal) acceleration, which is the time rate of change of velocity at a fixed point, and convective acceleration, which is the change in velocity due to the fluid particle moving to a new location.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Three-dimensional flow (A), Two-dimensional flow (C), One-dimensional flow (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Steady flow is a type of flow in which the fluid characteristics (velocity, pressure, density, etc.) at a point in space do not vary with time.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The continuity equation is based on the principle of conservation of mass and states that if no fluid is added or removed from the pipe in any length then the mass passing across different sections shall be same.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The different types of flow lines are streamlines, streaklines, and pathlines.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A streamline is a line that is everywhere tangent to the velocity field, representing the instantaneous direction of fluid flow at a given point.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A pathline is the path followed by a fluid particle as it moves through a flow field over time.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A stream function is a scalar function of space and time that is used to describe two-dimensional flow, where its partial derivative with respect to any direction gives the velocity component perpendicular to that direction.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Vorticity is a vector quantity that quantifies the local rotation of a fluid element, indicating the tendency of the fluid to spin in the direction perpendicular to the vorticity vector.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Circulation is the line integral of the tangential component of velocity along a closed curve in a flow field. It quantifies the tendency of fluid to move around a closed path.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A vortex is a flow pattern characterized by curved streamlines, where fluid rotates around a central axis, creating a spinning motion.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A forced vortex is a type of vortex flow where the fluid motion is driven by an external force, such as a rotating tank.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Velocity potential is a scalar function of space and time that is used to describe irrotational fluid flow. Its negative derivative in any direction gives the velocity component in that direction.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A potential flow is an irrotational, inviscid, and incompressible fluid flow governed by Laplace's Equation where the velocity field can be derived from a velocity potential function.</p> Signup and view all the answers

A branch of fluid mechanics that focuses on describing the motion of fluids without considering the forces causing it.

The idea that a fluid can be described by functions of space and time, providing information about the flow at fixed points in space.

A method where we study fluid by following individual particles as they move.

A method where we study fluid by observing it at fixed points in space.

The time rate of change of the position vector for a fluid particle. It has both magnitude and direction.

A function of space and time that describes the velocity of the fluid at each point in space.

A point in the flow where the velocity is zero.

The rate of change of the velocity of a fluid particle with respect to time.

The acceleration caused by changes in velocity at a fixed point in space.

The acceleration caused by changes in velocity due to the movement of the fluid particle.

The acceleration that is the sum of local and convective acceleration.

The acceleration of a particle moving along a curved path.

The acceleration of a particle towards the center of a curved path.

Flow that can be described by one velocity component, with the others being negligible.

Flow that can be described by two velocity components, with one being negligible.

Flow that can be described by three velocity components, all significant.

Flow where fluid characteristics remain constant over time at a given point in space.

Flow where fluid characteristics change over time at a given point in space.

Flow where the density of the fluid varies from point to point.

Flow where the density of the fluid remains constant throughout.

A fundamental principle in fluid mechanics based on the conservation of mass; it states that the mass flow rate remains constant through a pipe.

A line tangent to the velocity field at every point, showing the direction of motion.

A volume of fluid bounded by a group of streamlines.

A function of space and time that defines the velocity perpendicular to the direction of differentiation.

The path taken by a fluid particle that passes through a given point over time.

Flow where streamlines form a series of concentric circles.

The line integral of the velocity component tangent to a closed curve in a flow field.

A vector that is twice the rotation vector, indicating the local rotation of the fluid.

Flow that possesses vorticity.

Flow with no vorticity, or zero rotation.

A scalar function whose negative derivative in any direction gives the velocity in that direction.

A type of flow where the fluid is incompressible and irrotational.