Introduction to Endocrinology Quiz

Endocrine: Hormones are released into the bloodstream and travel to distant target tissues. Paracrine: Hormones act on neighboring cells without entering the bloodstream. Autocrine: Hormones act on the same cell that produced them. Neuroendocrine: Hormones are released into the bloodstream by neurons and travel to target tissues.

Peptide hormones typically bind to cell surface receptors and use second messengers for signal transduction. They are water soluble and freely travel in the blood. Steroid hormones bind to intracellular receptors and act in the nucleus. They are lipid soluble and require carrier proteins for transport in the blood. Amine hormones may act on cell surface or intracellular receptors, and their solubility and transport depend on the specific amine hormone.

Hormone binding proteins can regulate the concentration of free hormones available to bind to receptors, affect hormone half-life by protecting hormones from degradation, and modulate hormone secretion by altering the amount of hormone bound to carriers.

<p>Endocrine cells respond to multiple input signals by integrating and processing the information to determine the appropriate hormonal output in response to various stimuli.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Negative feedback: It regulates hormone levels by inhibiting further hormone release once a set point is reached. Feed-forward: It anticipates changes in hormone levels and prepares the body for those changes. Positive feedback: It amplifies hormone release, leading to a cascade of events until a specific endpoint is reached.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Steroid hormones</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Receptor on the cell membrane</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Peptide hormones</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Endocrine system</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Paracrine</p> Signup and view all the answers