30 Questions
What is the term for a hormone that diffuses locally to act on a different cell type?
Paracrine
Which type of hormone signaling involves the release of neurotransmitters at synaptic junctions?
Synaptic
In which type of hormone transmission is the bloodstream the main mode of transportation?
Endocrine
Which type of hormone communication involves the release of hormones into the bloodstream to act on distant target cells?
Endocrine transmission
What is the primary focus of the Introduction to Endocrinology lecture?
The coordination of body functions via chemical messengers
In endocrinology, what is the significance of identifying major endocrine glands and their hormones?
Recognizing the glands responsible for hormone production and their associated hormones
What is one of the objectives when comparing down-regulation and up-regulation of hormone receptors?
Exploring how cells regulate their responsiveness to hormones
Why is it important to compare the chemical structures and implications of the three main classes of hormones in endocrinology?
To understand the variety and functions of different hormone types in the body
Which type of hormone secretion is characterized by simple negative feedback?
Hormone secretion from a primary target gland
What controls hormone secretion from the anterior pituitary according to negative feedback mechanisms?
Hormones controlled by hypothalamic factors
Which hormones are typically controlled by hypothalamic factors?
Anterior pituitary hormones
Why is a single blood sample considered less useful than stimulation tests for hormone secretion?
To measure rhythmic patterns of secretion
What is a role of Active COX-1 in the body?
Maintaining gastrointestinal epithelium integrity
What is the function of Leukotrienes in allergic responses and inflammation?
Attracting neutrophils and eosinophils to inflammatory sites
Which condition is associated with PGD2 and PGF2α causing bronchoconstriction?
Asthma
How do glucocorticoids impact leukotrienes production?
Inhibit their production
Which type of hormone receptors are lipid-soluble and interact with receptors in the cytoplasm or nucleus?
Intracellular hormone receptors
What effect does down-regulation of hormone receptors have on a target tissue's responsiveness to the hormone?
Decreases responsiveness
Which enzyme is commonly used by second messengers to change cellular activity by phosphorylating target proteins?
Kinase
Which second messenger is produced by membrane-bound enzyme phospholipase C and causes Ca++ release from ER stores?
IP3
How do G protein-linked hormone receptors alter cellular activity?
Open or close ion channels
Which receptor type acts as or with enzymes when activated and directly initiates cascades of phosphorylation reactions within the cell?
Enzyme-linked hormone receptor
What is the primary function of Diacylglycerol (DAG) in cellular responses?
Activates protein kinase C
How does up-regulation of hormone receptors affect the target tissue's sensitivity?
Increases sensitivity
What is the main effect of activating gene transcription through receptor tyrosine kinases?
Increased protein synthesis
Leukotrienes are involved in allergic responses, but not in inflammation.
False
Cytokines produced by immune system cells never cross the blood-brain barrier.
False
Glucocorticoids increase the activity of phospholipase A2, leading to increased leukotriene production.
False
Prostaglandins released from damaged tissues directly inhibit the activation of nociceptors.
False
Cytokines produced by immune system cells play a role in resetting the body's temperature control center.
True
Make Your Own Quizzes and Flashcards
Convert your notes into interactive study material.
Get started for free
