Introduction to Electrophoresis

The movement of charged particles through a solution under the influence of an electric field.

Charged molecules move towards the electrode with the opposite charge.

The rate at which a charged particle moves in an electric field.

A technique that separates molecules based on their size, shape, and charge using electrophoresis.

A technique that separates molecules based on their charge on a solid support medium like paper, cellulose acetate, or gel.

A widely used technique for separating biological molecules like proteins and nucleic acids based on size and charge.

Using electrophoresis to identify and analyze biological molecules, like proteins and DNA.

The frictional coefficient is based on factors like size and shape, influencing the movement of charged particles in electrophoresis.

A technique where a strip of filter paper is used as a supporting medium in zone electrophoresis to separate small charged molecules like amino acids and proteins.

A technique used to analyze and purify molecules by separating them based on their charge and size using a gel as the supporting medium.

The advantage of using a supporting medium in zone electrophoresis is that it prevents mixing of the sample and immobilizes the molecules for easier analysis.

Paper electrophoresis is a simple, cost-effective method used in various research and clinical applications.

Paper electrophoresis is useful for diagnosing medical conditions like sickle cell disease and analyzing blood clotting factors.

Paper electrophoresis is a versatile tool for environmental studies, such as testing water quality and analyzing toxic substances.

The force that opposes the movement of ions during electrophoresis. It depends on the ion's size, shape, and the solution's viscosity.

A technique that separates molecules, ions, or particles based on their charges and sizes by applying an electric field. These can be proteins, DNA, or other biomolecules, and it depends on the type of electrophoresis used.

The positively charged molecules migrate towards the anode (the positive electrode), while the negatively charged molecules move towards the cathode (the negative electrode) during electrophoresis.

The movement of charged particles (ions) through a solution under the influence of an electric field.

A type of electrophoresis where the resolution of the technique is reduced due to mixing of sample components, making it less suitable for complex biological samples.

A technique used in forensics and drug testing to separate charged molecules based on their migration in an electric field. Paper is used as the supporting medium.

A common problem in paper electrophoresis where molecules stick to the paper, reducing their movement and creating blurry bands.

A type of electrophoresis where the molecules are separated on a thin sheet of cellulose acetate. It overcomes the adsorption issue of paper, resulting in sharper bands.

A type of gel electrophoresis where the gel is horizontally oriented. Agarose is commonly used as the gel material.

A type of gel electrophoresis where the gel is vertically oriented. Sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) is commonly used to coat proteins, giving them uniform charge.

The process of preparing the gel for horizontal gel electrophoresis. Agarose is dissolved in water, cooled, and poured into a casting tray.

The liquid solution used to cover the gel during horizontal gel electrophoresis. It allows for electric current flow and maintains the stability of the gel.

A technique used to separate DNA fragments based on their size. DNA is loaded into wells in an agarose gel, and an electric current is applied. Smaller DNA fragments move faster through the gel, creating distinct bands that can be visualized under UV light.

A type of gel electrophoresis used to separate proteins based on size. Samples are treated with SDS (sodium dodecyl sulfate) to denature and give them a negative charge. The proteins then migrate through a polyacrylamide gel, with smaller proteins moving faster.

A technique used to seperate molecules based on their size and charge, using a narrow capillary tube filled with an electrolytic solution. An electric field is applied, causing molecules to migrate through the tube at different speeds. The separated molecules are detected at the outlet end.

A solution used in agarose gel electrophoresis to track the progress of DNA migration. It contains a dye, often bromophenol blue, which migrates through the gel at a known speed.

A type of gel electrophoresis used for the separation of nucleic acids, mainly DNA, based on size. It involves loading the DNA sample into wells in an agarose gel and applying an electric current.

A solution of Coomassie blue used in SDS-PAGE to stain protein bands after electrophoresis. After running the gel, the proteins are invisible, but the stain binds to them and makes them visible.

A negatively charged dye, often bromophenol blue, added to samples before electrophoresis. It helps track the progress of the samples through the gel and allows for accurate timing of the experiment.

A device containing a gel chamber that holds the agarose or polyacrylamide gel for electrophoresis. Used to separate molecules based on their size and charge.