Introduction to Counseling and Psychology

A psychosurgery procedure severing connections in the brain's frontal lobe.

An ancient surgical procedure removing a circular piece of skull bone.

A procedure using electric currents to induce seizures for mental health treatment.

Biomedical treatments aimed at physical aspects of mental disorders.

Surgical interventions aimed at treating psychological disorders.

A mental illness characterized by mood swings from manic to depressive episodes.

The intentional triggering of a seizure, as in ECT treatment.

Positive changes in mental health conditions through treatment.

The phenomenon where individuals are less likely to help a victim when others are present.

A therapeutic approach developed by Freud that focuses on uncovering unconscious motives and conflicts.

A counseling method developed by Rogers that emphasizes understanding the client's perspective.

Maslow's theory outlining the stages of human motivation from basic needs to self-actualization.

Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy, a cognitive-behavioral approach developed by Ellis to change harmful beliefs.

An existential approach to counseling founded by Viktor Frankl focusing on finding meaning in life.

A therapy that addresses the interplay between thoughts, feelings, and behaviors, developed by Aaron Beck.

A goal-oriented approach designed to help clients find solutions rather than dwell on problems.

A view that prioritizes spiritual authority in healing, often surpassing psychotherapy methods in some cultures.

Clergy and spiritual figures provide wisdom and counsel, contributing to psychological healing in many cultures.

In many Native American and indigenous cultures, spirituality is crucial for mental health and healing.

Focuses on how human interactions and relationships affect emotions, thoughts, and behaviors.

Traditional healers historically applied psychological techniques resembling modern therapies.

An early figure whose teachings contributed to contemporary cognitive theories in psychology.

A prominent figure in Islamic medicine who influenced psychological and medical practices in the 10th-11th century.

A Stoic philosopher whose ideas relate to cognitive therapy and human interaction influencing behavior.

Therapeutic intervention for individuals with adjustment or developmental issues.

Helps clients with daily living problems including career and family.

Science dealing with behavior and mental processes, including diagnosis and treatment.

Professionals who diagnose and manage severe mental health issues.

Emotional responses to life changes or stressors.

Challenges faced at different stages of life affecting growth and behavior.

Common issues affecting individuals' everyday lives and well-being.

Treatment strategies to help individuals with mental health conditions.

An approach to healthcare that considers physical, psychological, and lifestyle factors in treatment.

A psychological disorder characterized by deep sadness, suspicion, and often phobias.

A theory suggesting that mental disorders arise from predispositions and stressors.

Careers that promote or address individual well-being, including healthcare and counseling.

Professionals who assist individuals in navigating social systems like schools and healthcare.

Mental health professionals who treat systemic family issues using active intervention.

Medical doctors specializing in diagnosing and treating significant psychological disorders, often with medication.